The First Virginians
The ocean that the English had to cross to get to Virginia
What is the Atlantic
The two types of Christian churches that were at odds in England and elsewhere in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries.
What are the Anglican (or Protestant) and Catholic churches?
The ship that carried the Pilgrims to New England.
What is The Mayflower?
The name for the English people who formed the Massachusetts Bay Company and came to New England because they wanted to practice a more purified version of the Anglican Church of England.
Who are the Puritans?
The town where young girls accused neighbors of witchcraft in the 1600s, leading to a tragic period of witch trials
What is Salem, MA?
The leader in Virginia who arrived in chains and later made everyone work for food
Who is John Smith?
The king in England at the time of the first English colonies in America, also famous for a translation of the Bible.
Who is King James I?
Another name for the Pilgrims because they wanted to completely separate from the church of England.
Who are the Separatists?
The name of the colony started by the Puritans in Massachusetts.
What is the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
The Puritan minister who thought that people should not be forced to follow a religion and was eventually banned from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded the Rhode Island colony.
Who is Roger Williams?
Powhatan’s daughter who married John Rolfe and may have saved John Smith when she was a girl
Who is Pocahontas?
The stock company that English people were excited to invest in to have a share of America but eventually led to them losing their money when the king disbanded the company.
What was the Virginia Company?
The document signed on the Mayflower to establish self-government for the Plymouth colony.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
The famous college (now university) started by the Puritans in Boston - they weren't allowed to attend college in England because of their religion.
What is Harvard College?
The Puritan woman who challenged the authority of Puritan ministers by sharing her own interpretations of the Bible, was banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony, and is memorialized in a statue on Boston Common.
Who is Anne Hutchinson?
The name of the Native American people that the English met in Virginia (and of their leader)
Who are the Powhatan?
The war in which the Puritans defeated the Anglicans and replaced King Charles I with Oliver Cromwell in 1649, showing that people can change their government.
What is the English Civil War?
The nickname for people who traveled on the Mayflower who wanted a better life but were not Pilgrims.
Who are the Strangers?
A group of Christians who called themselves Friends and were especially disliked by the intolerant Puritans because they thought ministers weren't necessary for worship.
Who were the Quakers?
A new colony directly south of Massachusetts where Thomas Hooker and others moved either because of religios disagreements in Massachusetts or for better farmland along the river valley.
What is Connecticut?
The group that was first representative government in the English colonies, which the Virginia Company decided to allow to be founded
What is the House of Burgesses?
The revolution that replaced James II with William and Mary in 1688 and weakened the monarchy by giving the English Parliament more power than the king and providing a Bill of Rights for the people.
What is the Glorious Revolution? or Bloodless Revolution?
Two native Americans whose friendship helped the Pilgrims - one local leader and one weary traveler who had come home to find his people gone.
Who are Massasoit and Squanto (Tissquantum)?
The Puritan leader who left his rich manor life in England, became the first Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and famously said "...we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us."
Who is John Winthrop?
Thw war in which Massaoit's son, Metacom (who also had an English name), tried to unite the Native Americans to drive out the English settlers who were destroying his land.
What is King Philip's War?