Unique Nature of Pure Water
What is a hydrogen bond?
A bond that forms between water molecules, giving water cohesion and surface tension.
This measures the amount of dissolved salts in seawater
Salinity
The two most abundant ions in seawater are sodium and?
Chloride
Ocean acidification is caused by the absorption of this greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide
Plants remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through this process.
Photosynthesis
Water is known as this type of solvent because it can dissolve many substances
Universal Solvet
The average salinity of the world‘s oceans is approximately this number of parts per thousands.
35
Seawater’s pH is?
About 8.1
As Co2 levels increase, ocean pH does this.
Decreases
This process by animals and humans releases carbon dioxide back into the air.
Respiration
This property allows water molecules to stick to other substance, helping it climb plant stems.
Adhesion
As salinity increases, this property of seawater also increases, making it easier to float
Density
This process keeps the proportions of major ions in seawater constant
Principle of constant proportions
Ocean acidification makes it harder for marine organisms to build shells made of this compound.
Calcium carbonate
The exchange of CO₂ between the atmosphere and the ocean’s surface is called this.
Gas exchange
Unlike most substances, water becomes less dense when it does this, allowing ice to float
Freezing
This property of seawater decreases with depth because sunlight cannot penetrate far below the surface
Temperature
When carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, it reacts to this acid
Carbonic acid
Coral reefs are especially threatened because acidification slows this vital process.
Calcification
When marine organisms die, carbon can be stored long-term in the deep ocean as this.
Sediment or marine carbon storage
The bent shape of water molecules and uneven charge distribution make it this type of molecule
Polar molecule
What is the name of the deep ocean layer where low-frequency sounds can travel for thousands of kilometers?
SOFAR Channel
This ocean’s buffering capacity helps resist changes in this chemical property
pH
This ion, essential for shell formation, becomes less available as ocean acidity rises.
Carbonate ion
Human burning of fossil fuels adds excess CO₂ to the cycle, enhancing this global effect
Greenhouse effect or climate change