INTRO TO MH
Patient's most susceptible to MH crisis have this kind of autosomal disorder.
What is: Inherited
Name 2 early clinical signs of MH crisis, not including rising ETCO2.
What is : tachycardia, muscle rigidity
You must have at minimum of ____________ vials of dantrolene stocked at all times.
What is: 36
What are: Wisconsin, West Virginia, Michigan
Name 2 known inhaled anesthesia triggers of MH.
What are:
Desflurane, Halothane, Sevoflurane, Succinylcholine
When is a MH crisis is suspected, the anesthesiologist must do this ______________, as soon as possible.
What is: stop the triggering agent
Dantrolene can only be reconstituted with ___________ml vials of this__________________.
What is : 60; Preservative free sterile water
What % of MH patients had a prior uneventful surgery using triggering anesthetic agents.
What is: 50%
Name a late clinical sign seen during a MH crisis.
What is: elevated temperature
Name 3 cooling measures you can do to decrease the patient's body temperature.
The initial loading dose of dantrolene is this_____________.
What is: 2.5mg/kg
MH crises rates are the highest in these 3 types of surgeries.
What are: Orthopedic ( joint dislocations ); ophthalmology (ptosis); ENT (cleft palate).
Name the first clinical sign, commonly seen first by anesthesia, that indicates MH crisis is impending.
What is: increase ETCO2 level
During a MH crisis, Calcium channel blockers are NOT used to treat this_________________.
What are: arrhythmias
Once the MH crisis is under control, the patient is taken to _________ for observation for ___________ hours due to re-occurence.
What is: ICU; 24
For patient's with a MH history, it is safe to use _____ as an anesthetic medication.
What is: Propofol
Name 2 substances that are released into the body at a rapid rate during a MH crisis.
Calcium and Potassium
Introduced in 1979, this medication has helped to reduce mortality rates during a MH crisis from >70% to < 10%.
What is : Dantrolene
Dantrolene works in the body by doing this _____________ during a MH crisis.
What is: muscle relaxant that restores balance between calcium release and uptake.
Patients with these types of disorders have a higher risk of MH occuring.
What are: neuromuscular disorders; Duchenne's muscular dystrophy; central core diseases, family history of MH crisis.