Signs
Earliest indicator of MH
What is Rising end-tidal CO₂?
This ion is dysregulated in MH
What is Calcium?
First action for suspected MH
What is activate the MH protocol, call a code HOT?
First line drug
Dantrolene
Earliest sign vs the most obvious
What is the rising end-tidal CO₂ vs hyperthermia?
Common early cardiac sign
What is tachycardia?
MH affects this type of muscle
What is skeletal muscle?
oxygen consentration used
What is 100%?
Dantrolene dosage
What is 2.5mg/kg?
MH is dangerous for this reason
What is fatality if left untreated?
Muscle finding in MH
What is Rigidity?
This happens to metabolism
What is a hypermetabolic state?
These should be stopped immediately
What are triggering agents?
Hyperkalemia treatment
What is IV insulin and glucose?
This distinguishes malignant hyperthermia from routine postoperative shivering
What is rising end-tidal CO₂ and muscle rigidity?
Late sign
What is Hyperthermia?
The genetic component involved
What is the RYR1 mutation?
Cooling methods
What is active cooling? (cold lavage, IV fluids, arctic sun)
Acidosis. treatment
What is sodium bicarbonate?
Datrolene is given
What is immediately in suspected MH?
This combination of findings most strongly indicates malignant hyperthermia in the early stage
Rising end-tidal CO₂, tachycardia, and muscle rigidity
THe result of sustained muscle contraction
What is rhabdomyolysis?
Monitoring priority
What are EtCO₂ and vital signs?
Dantrolene works by
What is reducing calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle cells?
What is delayed recognition and intervention