Challenging Behavior
What 3 things do we need to look at to understand the function of the behavior?
Antecedent
Behavior
Consequence
What is the antecedent, behavior and consequence?
Antecedent: What happens before
Behavior: What the client says or does
Consequence: What happens immediately after
When defining behaviour, it needs to be ____, ____, and ____.
Observable, Measurable and specific.
Our goal is to provide intervention that focuses around ____, _____, and ____ to ensure our client is HRE.
safety, telivisable, rapport
Describe the feelings associated with a behavior, that would increase the frequency of that behavior?
acceptance, appreciation, approval, pleasant feelings.
The microwave beeps, the child takes the food out of the microwave, and they get to enjoy a hot meal.
What is the consequence?
they get to enjoy a hot meal.
The defenition of behavior is factual not your _______ or ________ of the situation.
•Your interpretation of the situation (ex: “He was upset”);
•Your explanation of the situation (ex: “He was upset because he wanted to have the toy first”)
What tool/document can you refer to when you are unsure of who to ask or what to do in response to a situation?
Decision Making Matrix
What are some examples of categories of challenging behaviors?
•Destructive behaviors (i.e. throwing, ripping, pushing items over).
•Aggressive behaviors (against others or one self) (i.e. hitting, biting, kicking, SIB etc.)
•Passive or active non-compliant behaviours (i.e. not responding, refusing, negotiating, etc.)
•Stereotypical behaviors (i.e. spinning, flapping, rocking, etc.)
•Rituals and obsessions (i.e. completing the same task in the same order, sitting in the same seat, etc.).
•Disruptive behaviors (screaming, crying)
When we track the antecedent what key questions should we ensure we answer?
•What activity was occurring/what was the child engaged with before the instruction?
•What were others doing at the time?
•What time of day did this occur?
•Was this a novel or familiar task?
•Who gave the instruction?
What is the better definition?
1. The boy cried, fell to the floor and continuously said "go away" while looking at the teacher.
2. The boy threw himself on the floor because he was frustrated with the teacher.
1. The boy cried, fell to the floor and continuously said "go away" while looking at the teacher.
Child led play does not mean "let them do whatever they want". What does it mean?
notice what they notice.
set safe boundaries.
share joy.
acknowledge their needs.
respect their opinions.
empower them.
What are some of the features/challenges specific to autism that make behavior challenges more likely?
•Difficulty in understanding language and expressing what they want
•Becoming upset when their routines are interrupted
•Difficulty in interacting with others
•Not knowing how to play appropriately
The client was sitting at the snack table with their peers and one of the peers knocked the clients snack off of the table. The client began to scream, cry and fall to the floor. The classroom educator brought the client a new snack and told them it was okay.
What is the antecedent?
The client was sitting at the snack table with their peers and one of the peers knocked the clients snack off of the table.
What should you ask yourself to determine if your description of the behavior is effective?
Is it observable, measurable and specific
What is the difference between a non-essential demand and a hard-no?
a non-essential demand is a demand that does not need to be placed.
a hard no is a boundary that is 100% consistent with no wiggle room.
What are the 4 main reasons children may engage in challenging behavior? Can you name them and explain synthesized reinforcement.
1. Sensory
2. Escape
3. Attention/Connection
4. Tangibles
Typically, a combination of multiple events or functions play a part in behaviour. At the end of the day people want to get away from things they do not like or want and to have the things/people they do want.
What is an Indicator?
the cues and signs that the behavior was going to escalate
Why is it important to have a good definition of the behavior?
To ensure everyone interprets it the same way and to determine if the intervention is effective or not.
What are the 4 steps to communicate a boundary?
1. Be clear, direct and kind.
2. give a reason
3. be empathetic
4. pause