What are differences between Freeman and serfs in the peasant class?
100
Increase in trade and more efficient agricultural techniques
Why did towns develop?
100
Kept records,acted as advisors to rulers and collected taxes
What is role did the church play in government in the Middle Ages?
100
Organized group of tradesmen, craftsmen and merchants in a town
What is a guild?
100
A self sufficient settlement owned by the Monarch and governed by the lord.
What is a manor?
200
Leader of a royal family who has inherited power and owns the kingdom
What is a monarch?
200
They were often the most wealthy of citizens by trading. They began to govern towns and sometimes accumulated more wealth than monarchs.
What is a merchant?
200
wanted to continue to appoint church officials
Why was King Henry IV excommunicated from the Catholic church?
200
Training
Price regulation
hours of operation
regulation of production
What is guilds provide for their members?
200
Lords more freedoms
govern the manor
little freedom
often required to do hard labor
What are the differences in lifestyles between a lord and peasant
300
Manages a manor or manors for the monarch
What is a lord?
300
names drawn from a hat for very short terms
How were people elected to hold office in towns?
300
Sacred rites that every loyal catholic must believe and follow to ensure eternal life. (7)
What is a sacrament and how many are there?
300
Insurance for loss of income due to death or injury.
What did guilds provide for families?
300
Manors are self sufficient minimal trade controlled by the monarch
Towns allow for trade most often governed by merchants through a purchased charter
What is the difference between towns and manors?
400
King of the Franks, united many lands through christian faith. Developed the early ideas of feudalism to govern and defend his kingdom
Who is Charlemagne
400
Through legal documents called charters which were purchased from the monarch.
How did towns achieve self rule?
400
Through taxation and donations
How did the church become the largest land owner in Europe during the Middle Ages?
400
A leader of a guild who often held lots of political power.
What was a guild master?
400
Production of goods for the monarch
Food and shelter for peasants
What is purpose did Manors serve?
500
Loyality to the monarch
What is the most important concept in the feudalism structure?
500
Court inquires
What punished replaced trial by combat and trial by ordeal
500
Pope highest spiritual leader
Cardinals advisors to the pope/ elect the pope
Archbishops leaders of archdioceses
Bishops leaders of dioceses
Priests leaders of parishes