Pencils
What is the lead in a pencil made of?
Graphite, a soft dark mineral
What are coins made of?
Multiple metals pressed together into layers, called clad - metals include copper, nickel, and zinc
What are the basic steps in making a shoe?
Create a pattern
Sew the shoe up
Finishing the shoe, a sock liner is created
What materials are used to make a cell phone?
Metals - batteries and circuitry
Silicon - processor
Cobalt - make the processor
Glass - screen
Plastic - computer chip coating and electrical components
Where does metal come from?
In the earth's core and could be throughout the crust
How do pencil manufacturers control the hardness of a pencil?
By mixing different amounts of graphite and clay to create the pencil core
How are coins made? (The process of making coins involves)
Rolling large sheets of metal into coils
Punching out round discs called blanks
Squeezing the blanks through a machine to form a rim
Counting and weighing the coins
Putting the coins into bags to send out
What materials are used to make shoes?
Materials include: Leather, plastic, and rubber
What are circuit boards made of?
wires and circuits made of metal located on a fiberboard
How are metals created?
It's called smelting, which involves heating metal to its melting point, pouring it into a mold, them hardening it into a solid
What happens to the wood before it is used to make a pencil?
The wood is cut into slats, and grooves are carved into them to hold the graphite core
Why are coins made from multiple metals?
It helps reduce the cost of making coins and makes them harder to counterfeit. If it was only made of one metal, it could be worth more than its face value
What is a shoe last?
Is a mold that gives the shoe its shape
What are lithium-ion batteries made of?
Lithium cobalt oxide - positive
Graphite - negative
How is steel made?
From iron ore or recycled scrap steel in a furnace
What is the process for making the graphite core?
Graphite powder is mixed with clay, then sharpened into rods, and finally baked at high temperatures
How are coins designed?
Artists work on multiple designs coins to capture American history and culture
How are shoes made in a factory?
A process called nesting into different departments. Such as Designing, cutting, machining, sewing, assembling, and finishing
What are the components of a cell phone?
Electronics, plastic, glass, and metal
How is stainless steel made?
by capturing oxygen atoms before they can bind to the iron in steel, preventing rust from forming
How is the eraser attached to the end of a pencil?
A metal ferrule is crimped onto the end of the wood, holding the eraser in place
How can you tell if a coin is new or old?
Words of symbols on the coin, and whether the design has changed over time
How many steps are involved in making a shoe?
70 to 390
What is the process of making a cell phone call?
A microchip in the phone modulates a radio wave using an electrical signal. The radio wave travels to a near by cell tower, which sent your voice to the person you are calling
What is metalworking?
A process of shaping and forming metals to create objects, tools, and structures. Techniques include cutting, welding, casting, and molding