A fault is a...
fracture in the crust where movement has occurred
The Asthenosphere is the ______ mantle.
upper
Volcanoes are...
openings in Earth's crust where magma occasionally exists
A vent is...
an opening in a volcano where lava comes out
Higher velocity=
greater explosion
Define a tsunami.
A tsunami is a large sea wave caused when the ocean floor moves
Define Geohazard.
Is the risk of damage caused by a geological process
What are the 3 main types of earthquake faults?
Normal, reverse, strike-slip
Define Triangulation.
Using the readings of 3 or more seismographs to find one exact location
P-waves have the _______ intensity.
lowest
________ mudflow caused by by volcanic activity.
Lahar
_________ violent volcanic eruptions that send rock fragments down a slope at incredible speeds.
Pyroclastic flow
What are the two types of magma?
Mafic and felsic
Cinder cones form when...
rock fragments shoot out of a volcano, fall back + accumulate around the vent.
A Shield forms when...
lava quickly pours out of a vent + accumulates around the vent
A Summit is the ______ part of a volcano.
highest
What is a divergent boundary?
2 lithospheric plates that are moving away from each other
What is a convergent boundary?
2 plates that are moving towards each other
What is a transform boundary?
2 plates that pass horizontally against each other
What is a Ridge-push?
pushing of the plate because of the creation of crust at the ridge
Define the "ring of fire"
The zone of seismic and volcanic activity that borders the margin of the Pacific plate
Who is the "Father of Plate Tectonics"
Alfred Wegener
What are 2 problems scientists had with the continental drift?
There is no known force strong enough to move huge continents and continents moving through a stationary ocean floor would fracture the continents.
What is a deep-sea trench?
a long, narrow, steep-sided depression in the ocean bottom. They typically form in locations where one tectonic plate subducts under another
What is a Divergent Continental boundary?
an underwater mountain chain formed as a result of seafloor spreading