Vocab
This is the class that squid belong to
What is class Cephalopoda?
These molluscs lack an external shell
What are nudibranchs?
These are the two major regions of the Echiuran body
What are 1) the 'sausage-shaped' trunk and 2) ribbon-like proboscis that can have various shapes?
These echinoderms have greatly reduced spines and are often harvested and bleached to sell in gift shops
What are sand dollars?
What are setae?
This protein is used to carry oxygen in the blood of both cephalopods and horseshoe crabs
What hemocyanin?
These organisms are found in shells with many separate compartments that are filled with air and different gasses
What are chambered nautiluses?
This is the major difference between the body of the octopus and the body of the squid
What is 'the octopus body is wider and more broad and is made for walking on the bottom of the ocean; the squid body is more narrow and streamlined and is evolved for fast swimming?'
These echinoderms are capable of reproducing via fragmentation
What are sea stars/starfish?
This term refers to a knobby protuberance on the shell of gastropods
What is the Umbo?
This is the largest and most diverse group of segmented worms
What is Polychaetes?
These marine worms are an important indicator species in certain environments, are normally found as parasites living on vertebrates, and are still used in medical settings today
What are leeches?
These soft-bodied, unsegmented worms lack a circulatory system and a respiratory system
What are peanut worms?
Briefly explain the significance of the term 'coelom'
What is 'a special term for a body cavity that is used only when that body cavity derived/was created from a special type of embryonic tissue called mesoderm?'
These are three examples of Gastropods
What are 1) snails, 2) limpets, 3) abalone, 4) Nudibranchs?
These are flattened extensions that are found on each segment of marine segmented worms
What are parapodia?
Name four organisms that belong to Class Bivalvia
What are 1) clams, 2) oysters, 3) mussels, and 4) scallops?
Organisms from this class of phylum Mollusca have been observed to engage in play behavior, solve mazes, remember previous behaviors, predict future outcomes, and to use tools
What are the cephalopods?
This is the major structural support for sea cucumbers
What are spicules?
The term 'mollis' is latin for this
What is soft?
This is a brief definition of the term 'coelom' and why this term is significant in this unit
What is 'coelom is used to refer to the internal body cavity; a coelom is a specific type of tissue that is derived only from mesoderm tissue; mesoderm tissue is only observed in higher-order vertebrate organisms so the presence of a coelom body cavity signifies a major evolutionary change?'
All polychaetes worms share these three characteristics
What are 1) parapodia, 2) setae, and 3) well developed sensory system?
The exoskeletons of arthropods are made up of _______________ and they must go through a process called ____________________ in order to grow
What are 1) chitin, and 2) molting?
Briefly explain why the fossil record is more complete for organisms like sand dollars and bivalves compared to the fossil record for marine worms or jellyfish
What is 'because organisms made of only soft tissues tend to decompose very quickly therefore it is extremely rare that they will be fossilized?'
Briefly explain why the blood of horseshoe crabs is used in biomedical settings
What is 'bright blue horseshoe crab blood is extremely reactive to bacteria, pathogens, and toxins; it is used to test the safety of vaccines, implants, and other medical injectables?'