Microbes
This is the most abundant type of microbe in the ocean and is considered non-living
What is a virus?
This part of a seaweed is responsible for anchoring it to rocks and is most crucial for survival in turbulent waters
What is the holdfast?
Seagrasses have leaves, roots, and transport tissue, classifying them as a part of this kingdom
What is Kingdom Plantae?
Seaweeds are classified based on this
What is their characteristic pigment?
This is the primary role of bacteria in marine ecosystems
What is nutrient cycling?
Silica plays an important role in the formation of these types of unicellular algae
What are diatoms and radiolarians?
Although holdfasts resemble roots they lack this function
What is absorbing nutrients
These are the most important organism in the ocean for producing oxygen
What is phytoplankton?
Seaweeds and other multicellular algae belong to this kingdom
What is Kingdom Protista?
Stromatolites are primarily composed of this
What is cyanobacteria?
Marine microbes account for this percent of marine biomass
What is 70%?
Most photosynthesis occurs in this part of a seaweed
What is the blade?
These dinoflagellates evolved a mutualistic relationship with marine animals
What are zooxanthellae?
The Sargasso Sea is found in this ocean
What is the Atlantic Ocean?
The blooms of this unicellular algae can release toxins harmful to marine life (ex: Florida's red tide)
What are dinoflagellates?
The oldest type of living organism on Earth
What is bacteria?
This part of a seaweed allows most species to float towards the top of the water column
What are pneumatocysts?
This is the major difference between the location of marine algae and marine plants
What is marine algae can be found far from the coast whereas marine plants cannot?
The main purpose of genetically modifying Caulerpa taxifolia
What is to make it resistant to cold water and more suitable for aquarium display?
This type of algae contributes significantly to biogenous sediments by producing calcium carbonate
What are forams/foraminiferans?
These archaea are found in hydrothermal vent ecosystems and use chemosynthesis to produce energy
What are hyperthermophiles?
The whole body of a seaweed is known as this
What is a thallus?
Protection and support are the primary functions of this structure in diatoms
What is the frustule?
This is how invasive species such as Caulerpa taxifolia cause problems when introduced to new ecosystems
What is they outcompete native plants and animals, reducing biodiversity?
This type of unicellular algae is known for its bioluminescence
What are dinoflagellates?