Vocabulary
These are classified as 'non cellular infectious agents'
What are viruses?
These two groups are included in Domain Prokarya
What are 1) Archaea and 2) Bacteria?
These viruses are adapted to infect only bacteria
What are bacteriophages?
These organisms are major decomposers in the marine environment
What are marine fungi?
These types of viruses store genetic information in the form of RNA
What are retroviruses?
This process refers to bursting of infected cells
What is lysis?
List two general characteristics of marine bacteria
What are 1) come in a variety of shapes, 2) cell wall is rigid, 3) normally are microscopic, and 4) are abundant in all marine environments?
This type of virus reproduces by inserting its DNA into the host's DNA and eventually bursting
What are lysogenic viruses?
These are formed over billions of years by layers of cyanobacteria
What are stromatolites?
These are the two major components of a virus
What are 1) nucleic acid core and 2) protein capsid?
These organisms are the most important Prokaryotes in the marine environment
What are cyanobacteria (would also accept stromatolites)?
List three general characteristics of Archaea
What is 1) ancient organisms, 2) variety of metabolic strategies, 3) widely distributed at sea, and 4) many are extremophiles?
These are the general characteristics of prokaryotic organisms
What are 1) no nucleus, 2) no membrane-bound organelles, 3) single, circular chromosome, 4) unicellular, 5) great metabolic diversity?
List three types of metabolic strategies for marine prokaryotes
What are 1) photosynthesis, 2) chemosynthesis, and 3) heterotrophic?
These are the major criteria on which viruses are classified
What are 1) morphology, 2) type of nucleic acid, 3) mode of replication, 4) type of host organism, and 5) type of disease caused?
On the board, write the name of the dinoflagellates that live in symbiosis with reef corals (must spell correctly)
What are 'Zooxanthellae?'
List four major characteristics of marine diatoms
What are 1) photosynthetic, 2) yellow-brown in color, 3) silica shell, 4) mostly solitary and unicellular, 5) MOST IMPORTANT PRIMARY PRODUCER ON PLANET EARTH, 6) mostly planktonic, 7) store excess energy as oil, 8) reproduce sexually and asexually, 9) some can produce toxins?
List the three major types of viruses AND give the definition of a virus
What is 1) lysogenic, 2) retrovirus, 3) bacteriophage and they are defined as 'non-cellular infectious agents'?
These two groups of organisms can go through rapid periods of growth called 'algal blooms'
What are 1) diatoms and 2) dinoflagellates?
These are the three photosynthetic pigments used by marine diatoms
What are 1) chlorophyll a, 2) chlorophyll c, and 3) carotenoids?
List the major characteristics of marine eukaryotes
What is 1) unicellular and multicellular, 2) DNA contained in nucleus, 3) membrane-bound organelles, and 4) include both autotrophs and heterotrophs?
List five major characteristics of dinoflagellates
What are 1) mostly marine, 2) mostly photosynthetic, 3) some are heterotrophs, 4) made of cellulose plates, 5) two flagella in central grooves, 6) some are bioluminescent, 7) coral reefs could not exist with out them, 8) can be toxic to other organisms?
This is why stromatolites are significant for understanding geologic history on earth
What is 'because they are considered living fossils and can date back billions of years so they can tell us a lot about the natural history of marine environments on Earth?'
Briefly explain how marine diatoms go through reproduction
What is 'diatoms reproduce asexually and each generation shrinks and gets progressively smaller until they reproduce sexually and this allows them to return to their full, normal size?'
Are diatoms protists or algae and why?
NA