Vocab
The shell of diatoms is referred to as this
Roughly half of the _____________________ discovered species of diatoms are marine
What is '200,000?'
Certain species of diatoms are able to produce this neurotoxic compound
What is domoic acid?
These organism store excess energy in the form of oil
What are diatoms?
These organisms are referred to as 'tiny stones of the sea'
What are coccolithophores?
This term describes a small, circular piece of DNA
What is 'a plasmid?'
This group of marine microbes is characterized by their double nuclei
What are the ciliates?
Marine fungi play this vital role in the ocean
What is decomposition?
These are the two major contributing factors to algal blooms
What are 1) excess nutrients in the water, 2) warm temperatures, 3) abundant oxygen?
This group of organisms is both heterotrophic and multicellular
What are marine fungi?
These organisms are characterized by their calcium carbonate shells and their two flagella
What are dinoflagellates?
These organisms are classified as the most important primary producers on earth
What are marine diatoms?
This term translates to 'false foot'
What is pseudopodia?
This group of marine microbes is described as mixotrophic and is found in nutrient-dense waters
What are silicoflagellates?
What is 'they date back farther than any fossil we have found and give us important information about the geological history of earth?'
This genus of dinoflagellates are sometimes referred to as 'the phantom dinoflagellate?'
What is genus Pfiesteria?
Briefly describe 1) how radiolarians obtain their energy and 2) what their shells are made of
What is 1) energy is derived by consuming other organisms (heterotrophs) and 2) shells made of silica?
This group of marine microbes extrudes part of its outer cytoplasm to form its pseudopodia
What are radiolarians?
______________________ contribute to chalk deposits and ___________________ contribute heavily to global sand deposits
What are 1) the coccolithophores and 2) foraminiferans?
These marine microbes are not restricted to the photic zone of the ocean and have silica-based shells that form intricate, branching patterns
What are the radiolarians?
This 'armored amoeba' is well preserved in the fossil record
What are the foraminiferans?
Define sexual and asexual reproduction; in one sentence describe the pros and cons of each
What is 'asexual reproduction requires genetic info from only one parent; sexual reproduction requires genetic info from two parent organisms; asexual reproduction happens quickly/requires less energy but does not create genetic diversity and sexual reproduction takes longer but generates huge amounts of genetic diversity?'
List the three major classes of viruses and provide one example of an illness caused by each type
What is 1) retroviruses - HIV/AIDS, 2) lysogenic viruses - chicken pox, herpes simplex viruses, mono, and 3) bacteriophages - cholera, diphtheria, botulism, E. coli?
Briefly describe how lichens are formed
What is a mutualistic relationship between fungi and certain bacteria?
Briefly give the names for the two nuclei of ciliates and the major job of each nucleus
What are 1) micronucleus - stores germline DNA for reproduction and 2) macronucleus - carries out DNA instructions for every day functions like metabolism?