Chapter 1
Marine Biology
scientific study of life in the sea
The solid layer of the earth below the crust is called what?
The mantle
weathering
physical/chemical breakdown of rocks
-carried into sea by rivers and dissolved
Taxonomic Hierarchy
the classification of the species within living organisms by describing the domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.
coral polyps and zooxanthellae
symbiotic/mutualism
half; climateMarine organism produce around ____ of the oxygen we breath and help regulate the Earth's _______
half; climate
What is thought to produce the earths magnetic field?
The earths core
hydrothermal vents
release materials into the ocean from the earth's interior
binomial nomenclature
the two-part Latin name given to each species comprising the genus followed by the species
Coral provides
nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon dioxide
What effect can human interactions have on the ocean?
Commercial fishing is depleting fish.
Pollution due mainly to over population.
Crucial marine environments are dying off.
The process of a lithospheric plate descending below another into the mantle is?
Subduction
salinity
total amount of salt dissolved in sea water
Zooplankton
planktonic consumers that are either floating or weakly swimming animals
The conditions required for the growth of corals are
a suitable temperature range, water clarity, salinity, and a suitable rock substrate
What two influences and what three marine resources make the ocean important to life on earth?
Weather and world climate patterns.
Food, oxygen, and natural resources-such as oil.
What defines lithospheric plates?
continental crust- darker, thicker, granite
Oceanic crust- thinner, lighter, basalt
surface layer (mixed layer)
-mixed by winds and currents gets heated by sun have thermoclines (sharp transition between warm surface water and cooler water below
echinoderms
cructaceans
a marine invertebrate group with pentaradial symmetry and tube feet
a marine invertebrate group with a hard exoskeleton, ten jointed legs and a nauplius larval stage
algae receives ideal habitat from host
to capture sunlight
What traditional science disciplines does marine science draw on?
Physical, Life, and Earth and Space Science.
Black smokers form as a result of what?
when cold water floods into cracks in the ocean floor where there is hot magma. This releases smoke and the minerals and chemicals from this smoke form large vent like structures where the smoke comes out of the ocean floor.
tidal range
neap tides
difference in water level between high and low tides
the sun and moon are at the right angles & cancel each other out-this makes the tidal range small
macroalgae
marine producers such as kelp and seaweeds
The factor most closely linked with the symbiotic relationship with coral and zooxanthellae is sunlight. Zooxanthellae need sunlight for photosynthesis, which provides the carbon-based molecules, passing them on to the coral so it can build its calcium carbonate skeleton. This is an "abiotic factor" TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE