All about the Ocean and Oceanic ecosystems
The 4 ocean basins
Indian, Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic
Scientific name for blue-green algae
Cyanobacteria
2 basic forms of cnidarians
Polyp and Medusa
The percentage that bony fish make up of all vertebrates
fifty percent
The thing that gives these fish support
Cartilage
The 5 layers of the Ocean IN ORDER
Sunlight, Twilight, Midnight, Abyss, Trench
Seaweed
Explain how sponges get nutrients
The sponge will take water through its canals and each cell will take nutrients in and remove wastes.
The part of fish that helps them float
air bladder
How fish invertebrates breathe
gills, they take the disolved oxygen out of the water
The three Marine ecosystems we learned
Important process blue-green algae perform for other organisms
They take the nitrogen in the air and transform it into a molecule other organisms can use.
Explain the relationship between a sea anemone and a clown fish
Clown fish have a slimy covering, which partly comes from the anemone. This keeps them safe from the stinging tentacles of the anemone and is kept safe from predators. In return, the clown fish feeds the anemone by its waste products.
The color of deep sea fish
black or red
Characteristics of sharks teeth
1) several rows of teeth
2) When a shark loses a tooth, the others move forward so that the back one can be replaced
3) They can replace an entire row in 10 day
Characteristics of animals living in the deep ocean
Watery bodies, large jaws and long, pointy teeth. Bioluminescence, creating its own light.
The algae which are the greatest producers of oxygen on the planet
single-celled eukaryotic algae
The only hard part of an octopus
It has a small hard beak to bite into their prey
The qualifications for a marine bird
1) if it spends most of its life at or near the sea
2) if it feeds on marine organisms
Special characteristic of sting rays
They have a whip-like tale that has stinging spines at its base. Many have barbs that catches onto flesh and inserts poison.
The conditions animals living in the intertidal zone live with.
Temperature changing from hot to cold. Freshwater entering the ocean. Strong wave action, so they have to be able to hold on to things or dig into the sand. Hold in water at dry times or move somewhere that stays wet.
Pneumatocysts and their function
These are gas-filled floats that help to hold algae upright in the water.
Explain the water-vascular system and the example we were given
Squeezing a water balloon and the water moving to one side
The canals are filled with water and extend outward to help the organism move and do other jobs. These help them move around, transport food to the mouth, or carry wastes away away from it.
Differences between seals and sea lions
1) Seals cannot move their rear flippers forward to walk on land
2) Sea lions have noticeable external ears
Sting rays have this instead of teeth
They have a set of plates to crush the shells of their prey