Miscellaneous
Explain both types autotrophs
Photoautotroph: An organism which is able to use light energy to synthesize organic compounds.
Chemoautrotroph: An organism which is able to use chemical energy to synthesize organic materials.
Name all types of consumers
Herbivores, Omnivores, Carnivores,
This is what the pyramid of energy measured by
Amount of energy in each trophic level of a food chain
These are the three types of interactions
Parasitism, Commensalism, mutualism
These factors affect photosynthesis
Temperature, Concentration of carbon dioxide, nutrients and amount of light.
This is primary productivity
The rate of production of new biomass per unit area by autotrophic organisms
This is a decomposer
Bacteria and fungi which break down dead organic matter and release the nutrients back into the environment
The number of organisms in each trophic level of a food chain
This is symbiosis
A relationship between two or more organisms of different species which live physically close together
What is an extremophile
An organism that is adapted to survive extreme temperature, pressure, salinity or pH
These are the three layers of water and the depths they stop at
Photic zone (200m), Thermocline (1000m), Deep Water (5000m)
Name all trophic levels in order
1. Primary Producer
2. Primary Consumer
3. Secondary Consumer
4. Tertiary Consumer
5. Quaternary Consumer
6. Apex Predator
This is the percentage of the trophic level of the tallest ball in the pyramid of energy
0.1%
Give an example of phoresis
A manta ray with two attached remora fish
Rate of photosynthesis of producers
Rate of increase in the biomass of producers
Using satellite imagery to measure the amount of chlorophyll
What is a key feature of an apex predator
It has no natural enemies
Difference in a food web and a food chain
Food web: A way to show all the different feeding relationships in an ecosystem
This is a pyramid of biomass
A diagram that shows the biomass present in each trophic level of a food chain
Give an example of commensalism
Clownfish and anemones
This is eutrophication
The process by which a body of water becomes enriched in dissolved numbers that stimulate the growth of producers, usually resulting in the depletion of dissolved oxygen
This is how a dead zone is formed
algae die, sink to the bottom, and are decomposed by bacteria—a process that strips dissolved oxygen from the surrounding water. Dense algal blooms also block sunlight, which prevents underwater grasses from growing. In turn, the animals that depend on these grasses for food and shelter suffer, as well.
This is the definition of biomass
The mass of living material in area; it can be measured as dry mass
This is why pyramids of biomass are sometimes inverted
While organisms like phytoplankton are eaten very quickly, their reproduction rate is so high that they reproduce quickly enough to provide enough biomass to maintain the population of the consumers
Explain both types of parasites
Ectoparasite: A parasite, such as a flea or a louse, which lives on the outside of its host
Endoparasite: A parasite, such as a tapeworm, which lives inside the body of its host
This is the result of algal species producing toxins
The organisms that ingest them will be poisoned which will cause mass mortality in aquatic organisms such as dolphins, manatees and whales, as well as food poisoning in people who eat contaminated shellfish