Chapter 1
What do marine scientists study?
The properties of oceans and marine organisms.
What are the 3 main groups of seaweeds?
Green, brown, and red algae
What makes sponges unique among animals?
They do not have a nervous system
What are the main characteristics of arthropods?
Gills and Fins
How has technology impacted the study of the oceans?
It has improved data collection and exploration
Why are seaweeds classified into 3 groups?
This classification is based on their color and pigments.
What is radial symmetry compared to bilateral symmetry?
Radial symmetry is symmetry around a central axis while bilateral symmetry is symmetry with 2 equal halves.
What are some different groups of arthropods with examples from each group?
Insects (beetles), Arachnids (spiders), Crustaceans (crabs)
What are the 3 traditional groups of fishes?
Agnatha (Jawless), Chondricythyes (Cartilaginous) , Osteichthyes (Bony)
Why are observations such an important part of the scientific method?
They help scientists form hypotheses and gather evidence.
What is the general structure of seaweeds?
Holdfast (rooting system)
Stipe (stem like structure)
Blades (leaf like structure)
What are some advantages of bilateral symmetry?
This allows for streamlined movement and development of complex organs.
Whar are some specialized structures that help marine fishes live and reproduce in the ocean?
Gills, fins, and swim bladder
Why might a hypothesis or scientific theory be modified or rejected?
Because new evidence contradicts it.
What are the characteristics of flowering plants?
They have vascular tissues and produce seeds.
What are nematocysts?
What are some different classes of mollusks with examples?
Gastropods (snails)
Bivalves (clams)
Cephalopods (octopuses)
Which organ system helps marine fishes regulate salt and water balance?
The excretory system.
What are the steps of the scientific method?
1-Observation
2- Question
3- Hypothesis
4-Experiment
5-Data collection
6-Data analysis
7- Conclusion
What are the main groups of flowering plants found in marine environments?
Mangroves, Seagrasses, and Salt Marsh plants
What is the difference between an open and closed circulatory system?
In an open circulatory system, blood flows freely through cavities while blood is contained within vessels in a closed circulatory system.
What are the classes of echinoderms with a distinguishing feature of each class?
Asteroidea (starfish- arms with tube feet)
Echinoidea (sea urchins- spiny shell)
Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers- elongated body)
What are the main characteristics of reptiles compared to birds and mammals?
Reptiles- are cold blooded and have scales
Birds- have feathers and lay eggs
Mammals- have hair and mammary glands