Climate Change
Name 2 greenhouse gases
CO2, Methane, Water vapor
What happens to water molecules when they freeze? Give an example of what happens in nature.
They form a crystalline structure and spread out (become less dense). Ice floats
When the sun, Earth, and moon are in a straight line, a ________ tide occurs. This means there is a _________ tidal range than normal.
Spring; larger
When and oceanic plate slides under a continental plate, we call the area a ______________ boundary.
Who invented the compass and used it for navigation?
When gases trap infrared radiation (heat) in the atmosphere, the average temperature of the planet goes up. This is called...
The Greenhouse Effect
What happens to coral when it is stressed by heat and acidity?
They get rid of their symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae). This is called coral bleaching.
Wavelength
What process is the result of heated material near the Earth's core rising and colder, dense material from the surface sinking?
Convection currents (plate tectonics)
This civilization was the first to undertake long open-ocean voyages.
The Polynesians
Name two things that contribute to sea-level rise.
Thermal expansion, melting of glacial ice
What is the most toxic substance that accumulates in an aquarium?
Ammonia
What type of water circulation involves differences in density and temperature, and what type of current does this Affect?
Thermohaline; deep water
What type of sediment is formed by the remains of living organisms?
Biogenous
How did the chronometer improve open-ocean travel?
Could tell time on a moving ship, so people could calculate longitude. Allowed for better planning!
What is the main contributor to increased carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere?
Burning fossil Fuels
How does Ocean Acidification work?
The major current system that mixes cold water from the poles with warm water from the tropics is called....
The Global Conveyor Belt
A type of wave that usually results from a large disturbance of water, such as an earthquake or meteor impact...
Tsunami
What does SCUBA stand for?
Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus
How is weather different from climate?
Weather is small area and short term
How does Ocean Acidification affect calcifying organisms?
1) Less carbonate ions in the water means it takes more energy to build shells, which means less energy for eating, mating, and survival
2) Existing shells start to dissolve and break
How is climate change effecting the frequency and intensity of hurricanes?
Warmer oceans create more water vapor, which is fuel for hurricanes.
Who developed the theory of plate tectonics?
Alfred Wegener
What was the first expedition devoted solely to Marine Science?
The Challenger Expedition