CCD
The CCD is deeper in which ocean?
Atlantic
This makes up a majority of lithogenous sediments.
quartz, feldspar, clays
Glaciers transport sediments by
when forming water expands and pieces of rocks break off from the continent. Traveling sea ice melts.
This is where most of Earth's carbon is stored
Sediments and rocks primarily, with the rest stored in the ocean.
Forming from the precipitation of nutrients
hydrogenous
This and this increase with depth, relating to dissolved carbon
degree of undersaturation and dissolution rate.
SiO2 dissolution rate in the ocean
High at the surface, decreases with depth and stabilizes around 6 km
River transport varies with
volume of water, turbulence, rate of flow
The carbon process is...
Photosynthesis (absorb DCO2) Converts DIC to POC.
Respiration
Excretion
Death
Decomposition
Coming from space
Cosmogenous
The rate of dissolution of carbonate is fast enough to dissolve all the calcium carbonate before it can be incorporated into the sediment.
Calcareous; Siliceous
CaCO3; SiO2
historic glaciers cut into valleys, glaciers melted and water collected, where flow is relatively low.
Are not
Fixed carbon is...
carbon that is stored in the ocean and cannot be used by organisms- about 95% of total organic carbon in the ocean. POC
Significance of Sediments
sinks and sources for nutrients
follow biogeochemical cycles and preserve their patterns
Can help us predict the effects of element release
This is where pressure takes full effect
lysocline
Abundances of marine organisms can predict what about sediments?
The type that will be present on the seafloor in a given area in the ocean.
These four rivers are responsible for the majority of sediment transport to the ocean
Ganges, Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy, Indus
Charles Keeling did what?
Took carbon measurements and compiled them into a graph, sparking research into carbon emissions and the greenhouse effect.
Poorly sorted; example
Mix of different size sediments; undersea land slides
Deep oceans contain carbon because
Animals respire, bacteria and other decomposers convert organic matter to energy and carbon dioxide. The water is older, containing carbon from the time of ocean formation, and the deep ocean is very cold, creating stratified layers preventing carbon mixing.
Coccolithophores; Radiolaria; Diatoms; Pteropods; Foraminifera
calcite; silica; silica; aragonite; calcite
Coastal Plains; Florida is on ___________ coastal plain.
Low-lying piece of land next to the ocean, with little to no deposition to the ocean; Atlantic
Carbon enters the environment through...
air- sea exchange
lithogenous sediments
deep sea processes
anthropogenic output
Dead organisms
High latitudes with coastal upwelling
siliceous diatoms dominate phytoplankton