Category One
What resource did the Spanish discover in the Americas that led to a massive boost in their economy and access to trade with Asia?
Silver
What was the name of the company created by the Dutch and what type of private business was this?
Dutch East India Company
Joint Stock Company
What is a major environmental impact of the Columbian exchange?
Environmental degradation (deforestation, soil depletion, soil erosion)
During this time period of rapid European growth, Ming China chose to [INCREASE/DECREASE] its involvement in world trade.
Decrease
What were maroon societies and what was their impact?
Communities of escapes former slaves
Impact: Caused fear in white slave owners and assisted in revolutions leading to long-lasting freedom
What are TWO technological development that led to increased exploration?
Compass; Carrack; Caravel; Fluyt; Cartography; Astrolabe; Lateen sail
What was the other name for the joint stock company used by the Dutch?
V.O.C.
What was the title of the Spaniards who colonized the New World?
Conquistadors (Cortes conquered Mexica and Pizarro conquered Incas)
What two types of investments were used by the British government to fund exploration and expansion?
Joint stock company (British East India Company) and royal investments from the government
What were the TWO main forms of resistance to Europeans in the New World?
Indigenous revolts and slave revolts
Which European nation (and person) was the first to sponsor extensive maritime travel?
Portugal - Prince Henry the Navigator
What trade route did the Dutch overtake?
The Indian Ocean Trade
What commodity were European traders primarily interested in Southeast Asia?
Spices
What is the name of the document that gave Spain control of most of Latin America and Portugal control of most of Brazil, Africa, and Asia?
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
How did the Ottoman and Mughal empires avoid much of the social strife that Europe experienced during this time?
Better religious toleration (Ottomans favored Muslims but accepted others; Mughals tolerant of mostly all religious, Muslims and Hindus)
What was the primary reason for Europeans' desire to begin extensive maritime travel?
To trade with Asia more easily (avoid taxes from Gunpowder Empires)
What is one continuity across Afro-Eurasia for how states responded to and maintained power in the face of resistance?
Relying on physical force (weaponry)
The exploitation of colonies (including the extraction of precious metals) by a dominating power is known as the economic policy of
Mercantilism
Which Asian country did England establish the most direct relationship with and what empire controlled that region?
India & Mughal Empire
Name each level of the social pyramid in Japan and their roles (bottom to top)
*Bonus points for associating Japanese roles with European ones
Peasants (like Serfs) - land workers, lower jobs
Samurai (like knights) - respected fighters, land owners
Daimyo (like nobles) - powerful land owners
Shogun - most powerful, military leaders, very well respected
Emperor (like Pope) - religious figurehead
Identify 2 examples of cultural syncretism in the New Worlds
Santeria; Vodun; Candomblé; Virgin of Guadalupe; Casta Paintings
What commodity most contributed to the import of enslaved Africans to the New World?
Sugar
How did the French make money?
Beaver fur (hats)
How much power did joint stock companies have. Describe some of their powers.
They had a lot of power. Powers:
- Raise armies
- Make treaties
- Create trading posts
Who was the leader of the Tokugawa Shogunate and what did he do?
Leader: Tokugawa Ieyasu
Impact:
- Unified Japan
- Traded with Portuguese and Dutch
- Banned Christianity
- Isolated Japan (only the Dutch could trade with them)