Anything that can be offered to a market to satisfy a want or need, including physical goods, services, experiences, events, persons, places, properties, organizations, information, and ideas.
What is a product?
100
The firm sets the lowest price, assuming the market is price sensitive, to stimulate market growth. Production and distribution costs fall with accumulate production experience and a low price discourages competition.
What is market-penetration pricing?
100
Advertising, sales promotion, events and experiences, public relations and publicity, direct marketing, interactive marketing, word-of-mouth marketing, personal selling.
What are the eight major modes of communication?
100
This includes all the activities in selling goods or services to those who buy for resale or business use.
What is wholesaling?
100
Awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, then adoption.
What are the stages of the consumer adoption process?
Tries to identify the real costs (both variable and overhead) associated with serving each customer.
What is activity-based (ABC) costing?
200
The means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers—directly or indirectly—about the products and brands they sell.
What are marketing communications?
200
This starts before physical distribution, covering procurement of inputs (raw materials, components, and equipment); conversion into finished products; and product movement to final destinations.
What is supply-chain management (SCM)?
200
Introduction, growth, maturity, then decline.
What is the product life cycle?
300
The set of all products and items a particular marketer offers for sale.
What is a product mix?
300
Select the pricing objective; determine demand; estimate costs; analyze competitors’ costs, prices, and offers; select a pricing method; and select the final price.
What are the steps to setting the pricing policy?
300
Identify the target audience, determine the objectives, design the communications, select the channels, establish the budget, decide on the media mix, measure the results, and manage integrated marketing communications.
What are the eight steps of effective communications?
What are the five criteria for rating market segments?
300
Deciding whether to go abroad, deciding which markets to enter, deciding how to enter the market, deciding on the marketing program, deciding on the marketing organization.
What are the major decisions in international marketing?
400
All the activities of designing and producing a product’s container.
Sets of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption.
What are distribution channels?
400
This includes materials management, material flow systems, and physical distribution, aided by information technology.
What is integrated logistics systems (ILS)?
400
A key ingredient in marketing campaigns that consists of a collection of incentive tools, mostly short term, designed to stimulate quicker or greater purchase of particular products or services by consumers or the trade.
What is sales promotion?
500
Formal statements of expected product performance by the manufacturer, whether expressed or implied, that are legally enforceable.
What are warranties?
500
Geographical pricing, price discounts and allowances, promotional pricing, differentiated pricing, and product-mix pricing.
What are different ways to adapt the price?
500
The concept of marketing communications planning that recognizes the added value of a comprehensive plan.
What is integrated marketing communications (IMC)?
500
How should orders be handled?
Where should stocks be located?
How much stock should be held?
How should goods be shipped?
What are the four major decisions with regard to market logistics?
500
The use of consumer-direct channels to reach and deliver goods and services to customers without marketing middlemen.