founding docs
a charter of liberties that limited the king's power and established fundamental rights for English freemen.
magna carta
workers joined through membership of trade unions.
organized labor ( unions)
a US battleship that exploded and sank in Havana Harbor, Cuba, on February 15, 1898, killing 266 men
u.s.s Maine
the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.
nativism
refers to the intense competition, particularly during the Cold War, between the United States and the Soviet Union (and later, other nations) to develop and stockpile nuclear weapons.
nuclear race
Federalists were early American politicians who advocated for a strong central government and the ratification of the Constitution. They were a key part of the Federalist Party,
ferderalists
a violent confrontation that took place in Chicago on May 4, 1886, during a labor protest
haymarket riot
an intergovernmental organization founded in 1920, aimed at promoting international cooperation and preventing future wars through diplomacy and collective security
league of nations.
communism
the action of keeping something harmful under control or within limits.
containment
the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.
bill of rights
A political machine is a party organization that uses tangible incentives, like money or jobs, to gain support and maintain control over political administration in a city, county, or state.
political machines
The Treaty of Versailles, signed on June 28, 1919, officially ended World War I between Germany and the Allied Powers.
treaty of versailles
A Red Scare is a period of moral panic characterized by widespread fear of a perceived threat from leftist ideologies, particularly communism and socialism.
red scare
a term coined by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe the political, ideological, and physical division between the Soviet-controlled Eastern Bloc and the Western democracies following World War II.
iron curtain
Natural rights are fundamental freedoms believed to be inherent to all humans, independent of any particular culture or government
natural rights
The Progressive Movement, also known as the Progressive Era, was a period of significant social and political reform in the United States, spanning roughly from the 1890s to the 1920s.
progressive movement
World War II, spanning from 1939 to 1945, was a global conflict involving the Allies and Axis powers
world war 2
a societal phenomenon characterized by the emphasis on acquiring goods and services, often beyond what is necessary, and the belief that doing so is a primary path to happiness or well-being.
consumerism
a concrete barrier and fortification that physically divided the city of Berlin, Germany, from 1961 to 1989
berlin wall
a philosophical concept where individuals implicitly or explicitly agree to give up some freedoms and rights in exchange for the benefits of living in a society
social contract
a type of multi-dwelling building, typically with flats or apartments on each floor, often with shared entranceways and stairways.
tenet housing
Pearl Harbor was a surprise military attack by the Empire of Japan on the United States Pacific Fleet at its naval base in Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941.
pearl harbor
a period of severe dust storms and ecological devastation in the American Great Plains during the 1930s, exacerbated by a severe drought and poor agricultural practices
dust bowl
a conflict fought on the Korean Peninsula from 1950 to 1953, primarily between North Korea (supported by China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (supported by the United Nations, primarily the United States
korean war