Mass Politics

Left Wing Politics

100

This political movement advocated direct action, including general strikes, to paralyze the economy and give unions more power

Syndicalists

200

This political party became the largest in the German Reichstag by 1912

The German Social Democratic Party

300

This Russian Marxist advocated for a small group of socialist elite, rather than a mass party, to lead Russia through revolution

Vladimir Lenin

400

This Russian Marxist Party took as its name the Russian word for "majority"

The Bolsheviks

500

This Russian political party sought to politicize peasants rather than workers

Socialist Revolutionaries (SRs)

Liberalism

100

This British Political Party advocated for social legislation aimed at the working class

Liberal Party

200

To cultivate nationalism, Italian leaders tried to conquer this African country in 1896

Ethiopia

300

This nation's resistance to British domination, led by a famous poet, tested Britain's commitment to liberal values

Ireland

400

This 1911 Act in Britain instituted a program of unemployment assistance funded by new taxes on the wealthy.

National Insurance Act

500

This Italian Prime Minister adopted a policy known as "transformismo," or the use of bribes and public works programs to gain support in Parliament

Giolitti

Right Wing Politics

100

This event brought before the public eye the extent of anti-Semitism in France in the 1890s

The Dreyfus Affair

200

This last Tsar supported anti-Semitism in the Russian Empire

Nicholas II

300

This multiethnic empire in Central Europe saw increased levels of militant nationalism among a variety of nationalities at the turn of the century

Austro-Hungarian Empire

400

This writer exposed anti-semitism in France with his article "J'accuse"

Zola

500

This Viennese mayor exploited anxieties about modern life and anti-Semitism for popular support

Karl Lueger

Women's Rights

100

This issue became the predominate focus of women activists at the turn of the century

suffrage

200

This American woman spoke out in favor of female suffrage in the early 20th century

Susan B. Anthony

300

This German cultural ideal advocating the use of education to build character became important for women supporting female education

Bildung

400

This female activist was a leading pacifist who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1903

Bertha von Suttner

500

This organization in Britain shifted from peaceful activism for women's voting rights to acts of property destruction

Women's Social and Political Union

Jewish Politics

100

This movement called for the formation of a Jewish nation state

Zionism

200

Many Jews immigrated to this country located across the Atlantic at the turn of the century

USA

300

This process occurred when Jews, primarily in Western and Central Europe, moved out of Jewish neighborhoods and engaged extensively with non-Jewish society

assimilation

400

This Hungarian-born Jewish thinker organized the first International Zionist Congress in 1897

Theodor Hertzl

500

This region of the Russian Empire, stretching from the Baltic region in the north to Ukraine on the Black Sea in the southeast, was where a large portion of European Jews lived at the turn of the century

The Pale of Settlement