Forces & motion
What unit is force measured in?
Newtons.
What unit is mass measured in?
Kilograms (kg).
What type of energy does a moving object have?
What happens to an object’s speed if the force pushing it increases?
It speeds up.
Objects that are not moving will only start moving if ______ is applied.
force
What is the correct unit for weight.
Newtons (N).
True or False: Energy is never lost during energy transfers.
False, some energy is lost as heat, but energy is always conserved.
If a car travels 200 km in 4 hours, what is its average speed?
50 km/h (Speed = Distance ÷ Time, so 200 ÷ 4 = 50 km/h)
A car is moving at a steady speed. The forces acting on it are: balanced or unbalanced. Why?
Balanced.
Name the force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth.
Gravity.
What energy change happens when a fan is turned on?
a. Electrical → Movement
If a train takes 3 hours to travel 300 km, how fast is it moving?
100 km/h (Speed = Distance ÷ Time, so 300 ÷ 3 = 100 km/h)
A child kicks a football. What force causes the ball to eventually stop rolling?
Friction.
On the Moon, gravity is weaker than on Earth. What would happen to your weight and your mass if you were on the Moon?
Weight would decrease, but mass would stay the same.
What is the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy?
Potential energy is stored energy, while kinetic energy is energy in motion.
A runner completes a 400 m race in 50 seconds. What is their average speed in meters per second (m/s)?
8 m/s (Speed = Distance ÷ Time, so 400 ÷ 50 = 8 m/s)
If a spaceship moves forward in space and its engines turn off, what will happen?
It will keep moving at the same speed in the same direction because there is no friction or air resistance to slow it down (Newton’s First Law).
A person standing on Earth weighs 600 N. On a planet with twice the gravity, how much would they weigh?
1,200 N.
A student rubs their hands together quickly. What energy transformation is happening?
Kinetic energy (movement) → Thermal energy (heat) due to friction.
Two cars are moving at the same speed, but one stops faster than the other. What could explain this difference?
One car has stronger braking force or more friction between the tires and the road.