Prenatal Care
Term describing how many times a client has been pregnant
Gravida
"Preterm" labor occurs before the end of the ___ wk of gestation.
37th... or 36/7
FH patterns of Variable Decelerations is caused by:
Cord Compression
Intervention: Maternal Repositioning
Why are ultrasounds performed for noncontractual bleeding?
Determine placental placement & integrity
What 2 primary things does the placenta provide the fetus?
List nonpharm pain intervention for labor:
Position changes, acupressure, acupuncture, massage, imagery, hydrotherapy, aromatherapy, art/music therapy, reflexology, yoga & ball.
Term given to describe the # of viable pregnancies a client has given birth to
Para
A client requires hospitalization when showing signs of this d/t risk of weight loss, severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
hyperemesis gravidarum
FH patterns of Early Decelerations is caused by:
Head Compression
Intervention: Identify & monitor labor progression
What defects can be identified via amniocentesis?
Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome), neural tube defects (spina bifida, anencephaly), cystic fibrosis, Tay Sach's... and can be used to treat polyhydramnios.
What lab test is ordered to specifically assess for neural tube defects?
Name the 3 Stages of Labor...
When is the 4th stage?
S1: start of true contractions to full dilation
S2: Full dilation until birth
S3: Birth to delivery of placenta
S4: 1-4 hours after placental delivery
How many weeks marks a full-term pregnancy?
Premature??
37+ weeks
20 - 36w6d
This is given to boost the production of respiratory surfactant so the alveoli don't stick together upon decompression
Betamethasone
FH patterns of Accelerations is caused by:
No interventions needed.
What shields the fetus from variable pressures, temperature changes, aids in muscular/movement & lung development, and protects the umbilical cord & oxygen supply.
Amniotic Fluid
What are the 4 primary signs of fetal danger during labor?
High/low FHR, meconium staining, hyperactivity, low O2 saturation
Fundal height is determined by measuring from the symphysis pubis notch to the top of the uterine fundus. When (wks) and where are the 3 typical measurements?
12 wks = over the symphysis pubis
20 wks = at the umbilicus
36 wks = at the xiphoid process
What drug (& drug class) is administered between 24-32 wks gestation to stop active labor contractions?
Terbutaline or Magnesium Sulfate (tocolytics)
What is the antidote MgSO4??
What do we monitor for with Mag pts?
FH patterns of Late Decelerations is caused by:
Placental Insufficiency
***IMMEDIATE INTERVENTIONS REQUIRED***
(#1 Maternal reposition to left lateral - WHY? Stop pit, admin O2 and KVO IV fluid bolus.)
3 parts to the umbilical cord:
1 vein (O2 to the fetus), 2 arteries, Wharton's jelly
Name the 4 signs of fetal danger during labor:
High/low FHR, Hyperactivity/high variability, low O2, meconium staining.
Located between 20th & 31st [weeks of pregnancy], this 'golden arches' Rule estimates uterine growth should be equal to the weeks of pregnancy.
McDonald Rule
What is PROM? And high risk do we need to monition with a PROM??
Premature rupture of membranes [prior to 37 wks]... high risk of INFECTION.
If at 34 wks labor has not begun, induce after 24 hours. If before age of viability, place on bed rest.
Why would you position a client on their left lateral during labor?
Take the pressure off of the vena cava & aorta, increasing oxygen sufficiency to the placenta and allow better placement of the fetus into the pelvic floor.
What are the 5 terms describing fetal growth? (Stages of gestation...)
OVUM (ovulation - fertilization), ZYGOTE (fertilization - implantation), EMBRYO (implantation-8wks), FETUS (8wks-term), AGE of VIABILITY (earliest age a fetuses survives birth)
WHEN and WHY do we administer RhoGam to clients?
1st dose @ 28 wks - 2nd dose within 72 hrs of delivery.
To prevent maternal D antibody formation which would cause destruction of fetal red blood cells in future pregnancies.