Piaget
People construct their own understandings by attaching new experiences to experiences they already hold.
Constructivism
Reciting number names in order without attaching them to an amount.
Rote Counting
A learning process where children's questions are used to guide the lessons.
Inquiry
You give a child 10 blocks and ask them to count how many are there.
One-to-one correspondence
When materials are changed in form or arrangement in space, children may see them as changed in amount.
Centration
The first period of development as described by Piaget. It is the time when children use all of their sensory and motor abilities to learn basic skills and concepts.
Sensorimotor
Piaget's word for ordering
Seriation
A statement based on observations that can tested by experiments.
Hypothesis
You put two groups of counters in front of a child and ask which has more.
Comparing
The concept of knowing an object still exists even when you can't see it.
Object Permanence
Piaget's final stage of development. Children can use the scientific method independently, understand abstract concepts, and solve abstract problems.
Formal Operational
Sorting and grouping
Classification
When children fit information into an existing scheme.
Assimilation
You tell a child to count as high as they can.
Rote Counting
The area between where the child is currently operating independently and where the child might be able to operate with assistance of an adult or more mature peer.
Zone of Proximal Development
Piaget's second developmental period from about age 2-7. Language undergoes rapid growth and children use concept words.
Preoperational
When counting, the last number named is the amount.
Cardinality
When new information does not fit into an existing scheme, so the information is modified or a new scheme is created.
Accommodation
You ask a child to tell you who is first in line.
Ordering
STEM is an acronym for...
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math
Piaget's third developmental period (ages 7-11). Children can mentally manipulate groups.
Concrete Operational
The ability to instantly see how many is in a group.
Subitizing
Occurs when children realize they do not understand something they previously thought they understood.
Disequilibrium
You ask a child to count how many people are in class and tell you the total.
Cardinality
Amanda's dog's names are...
Turbo and Rocket