Tables + Diagrams
Rules of Probability
Independent vs. Mutually Exclusive
Terminology
100
Define contingency table
A way of portraying data that can facilitate calculating probabilities
100
Define Independent
if the knowledge that one occurred does not affect the chance the other occurs
100
A planned operation carried out under controlled conditions
Experiment
200
Define tree diagram
a special type of graph used to determine the outcomes of an experiment
200
Define dependent
Events whose occurrence of one affects the probability of occurrence of the other
200
The set of all possible outcomes
Sample Space
300
Define venn diagram
is a picture that represents the outcomes of an experiment
300
What are the two rules of probability?
Multiplication & Addition
300
Define mutually exclusive
Events if they cannot occur at the same time
300
Probabilities are between:
0-1
400
What does HH represent here?
HH is neither an outcome of A or B
400
What rule is this?
P (A|B)= P(A and B) / P(B)
Multiplication Rule
400
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
B = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
C = {7, 9}
Is P(A AND B) mutually exclusive
No, because their probability is not equal to zero
400
When each outcome of an experiment occurs with equal probability
Equally Likely
500
Whats the probability of (BGG) in this sample space:
{BBB, BGB, BBG, GGG, GGB, BGG, GBG, BBG)
3/8 = 0.375
500
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
Addition Rule
500
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
B = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
C = {7, 9}
Is P(A AND C) independent
No, mutually exclusive
500
When the number of repetitions of an experiment is increased, the relative frequency obtained in the experiment tends to become closer and closer to the theoretical probability
Law of Large Numbers