Growth and Development
Drawing, coloring, pretend play, writing, etc
What is Therapeutic play?
Diagnostic test done to test CSF
What is a lumbar puncture?
**infection prevention and positioning**
** CHD seen usually with other CHDs
What is a VSD?
** TOF:
1. VSD
2. Pulmonic Stenosis
3. Dextroposition of the Aorta
4. Hypertrophy of the R. Ventricle **
Process of moving air in and out
What is Ventilation?
Red meat, organ meats, lentils, cooked spinach, firm tofu
What are foods with high iron?
Incidences of bedwetting or having accidents after gaining full bladder control in a child
What is regression?
Children display behaviors of protest, despair, and detachment.
What is separation anxiety?
Prevention of this is a priority of Strabismus
What are s/sx of L. Sided HF?
What is RSV?
Dehydration, cold temps, high altitudes, infection
What are triggers of a Vaso-occlusive crisis in Sickle cell?
Erikson's Developmental stage: Views hospitalization as punishment
What is the preschool age?
What is Preoperational Stage?
Brain hyperactivity when body temperature rises too high too fast
What is a Febrile Seizure?
Higher BP in the Upper extremities and lower BP in Lower Extremities
What is COA?
Private room (often with HEPA filtration)
No fresh flowers or plants (due to risk of mold and bacteria)
No fresh fruits or vegetables unless washed and prepared safely
Strict hand hygiene for everyone entering the room (staff, visitors, patient)
Limit visitors — screen for illness, sometimes require masks
Mask for the patient when leaving the room (if they must leave)
What are neutropenic precautions/reverse isolation?
Age that children realize the permanence of death.
What is the age of 8-9?
** Erikson's Developmental stage: Children understand the concept of cause and effect
What is the School Age stage?
**between 6 and 12**
P-R interval: 1st degree heart block, indication of Carditis
ESR elevated: Increased inflammation
Arthralgia: joint pain
CRP elevated: Abnormal increase in proteins
Elevated Temperature: indicative for carditis
What are minor s/sx of the Jones Criteria?
Allergens, pet dander, mold, cold temps, high altitudes, emotional stress
What are triggers of Asthma?
Prolonged bleeding, hemarthrosis, excessive bruising, hematomas, hematuria, bleeding with tooth eruption, and anemia.
What are s/sx of Hemophilia?
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
What are the Stages of Grief?
Predictable pattern that a child follows when reaching major milestones
What are Sequential Trends?
LOC, pupil and eye movement, VS, and Motor function
What is a Neuro assessment?
What is the use of IVIG Therapy?
Assists in digesting food in CF patients
What is pancrealipase?
Decrease oxygen consumption.
Rehydrate.
Control pain: Use Morphine; do not use Demerol.
Apply warm compresses and elevate joints.
Administer blood transfusions, folic acid, and Hydroxyurea as ordered.
What are nursing interventions for a sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis?
Erikson's Developmental Stage: Trashing, Stretching of Limbs, Crying, Protesting, Irritability, Tantrums
What are behaviors that pediatric patients have in the Infant, Toddler, and Preschool age?
This pain scale is used for toddlers and young children
What is the Wong Baker Faces Scale?
** Indicative of disability d/t brain injury before development is complete
What is Cerebral Palsy?
**Vary on extent of damage**
Muscle rigidity, spasticity, poor control of posture, ataxia
Speech difficulty, swallowing problems, breathing difficulties
bowel/bladder incontinence
Vision and sensory impairments
Learning disability, attention and behavioral problems
Nursing interventions before administering digoxin to an infant
What is checking the apical pulse for one full minute at the 4th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line and holding for a BPM of less than 100?
** Nursing care interventions: HOB elevated, Cool mist humidifier, IV fluids, Steroids, Neb- epinephrine, Maintain O2 sats to at least 90%
What is Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup?)
**Use of Opiates and Sedatives are contraindicated**
Given on an empty stomach.
Take with Vitamin C to aid absorption.
Take with a straw to prevent tooth discoloration.
Stools may appear green and tarry.
Avoid dairy 1 hour before or 2 hours after.
Encourage dietary sources like eggs, legumes, green vegetables, dried fruits.
Limit milk intake: No cow’s milk before age 1, no more than 32 oz/day over 6 months.
Limit activities and provide rest periods.
Keep supplements in a safe place to avoid overdose.
Does not allow for anticipatory grief, involves guilt and remorse
What is a sudden/unexpected death