States of Matter
The three most common physical states in which matter exists.
What are solid, liquid, and gas?
The phase change where a solid becomes a liquid
What is melting?
The pressure exerted by vapor particles above a liquid at equilibrium.
What is vapor pressure?
The symbol used for molar enthalpy of vaporization
What is ΔHvap?
Graphs that show the phase of a substance at different temperatures and pressure.
What are phase diagrams?
The state of matter in which particles move freely and fill the entire container.
What is gas?
What happens to vapor pressure as temperature increases
What is vapor pressure increases?
The term used to describe the amount of heat required to melt one mole of solid at its melting point.
What is the molar enthalpy of fusion (ΔHfus)?
The two axes found on a typical phase diagram.
What are temperature and pressure?
The state of matter that has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
What is a liquid?
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Liquids that evaporate easily and have high vapor pressures are described by this term.
What are volatile liquids?
The phase change that requires more energy than melting and boiling
What is vaporization?
The point on a phase diagram where solid, liquids, and gas all exist together.
What is the triple point?
The reason gases can be compressed much more than solids or liquids.
What is that gas particles are far apart with large amounts of empty space between them?
What is sublimation?
The condition required for a liquid to boil.
What is when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure?
The equation used to calculate energy absorbed during a phase change.
What is q = mΔHfus and q = mΔHvap?
The point above which a substance is no longer distinguishable between a gas and liquid.
The property of particles that increases when temperature increases.
What is kinetic energy?
The reason temperature stays constant during a phase change even though energy is added.
What is the energy is used to break intermolecular forces and cause the phase change FIRST instead of increasing temperature?
The reason liquids with weaker intermolecular forces have higher vapor pressures.
What is weaker intermolecular forces means less attraction means easier to separate into gas particles means more likely to form gas means higher vapor pressure?
The two pieces of information needed to calculate heat absorbed during melting.
What are mass and molar enthalpy of fusion (mΔHfus)?
The phase that is generally favored when pressure increases.
What is the solid phase?