Photosynthesis
Name an organism that removes atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Any type of plant
What are the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration?
Inputs: glucose and oxygen
Outputs: carbon dioxide, water, heat, and ATP
Burning of muscles is called __________ and is a product of __________________.
lactic acid; fermentation
What are the three different types of pyramids used to measure?
Energy, biomass, and population size
What do decomposers do and why is it important?
Breakdown dead and decaying things. This returns nutrients back to the soil and atmosphere.
What are the inputs for photosynthesis?
Sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
ATP
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
If you have 1,500 J at the primary consumer level, how much energy does the secondary consumer level receive?
150 J
Does burning fossil fuels add carbon or remove carbon from the atmosphere?
Adds carbon
In light dependent reactions of photosynthesis, what is the input and output received?
Inputs: sunlight and water
Output: oxygen
In our yeast lab, what evidence was there for aerobic respiration taking place?
Is matter and energy lost in an ecosystem? Explain why the amounts available change for different trophic levels.
Matter and energy are always conserved, so none is lost in an ecosystem.
All energy is not passed on to the next trophic level, however, because the organism uses some for cellular processes, waste, and heat. The only portion passed on to the next trophic level is the amount of energy used by that organism for biomass.
If the primary producers obtain 1,400 J of energy, how much is available for the secondary consumers?
Primary consumers: 140 J
Secondary consumers: 14 J
Give me a simple food chain specific to animals that we see in Iowa.
Example:
Grass --> Rabbits --> Eagles
In light independent reactions, what is the input and output in photosynthesis?
Input: carbon dioxide
Output: sugar
What evidence was there for anaerobic respiration in our yeast lab?
The balloon continued to inflate once the oxygen was all consumed and ethyl alcohol was produced.
Is ATP only produced under aerobic conditions?
No, ATP can be produced during fermentation for a short amount of time, which is an anaerobic process.
In a food chain, you have grass --> rabbits --> snakes. What happens to your population of snakes if your plant population declines by 50% due to a fire?
You population of snakes will be greatly reduced as well. The rabbits will go down by 50% as well as the snake population.
What are some plant adaptations to their environments and give an example of the plant. (Hint: think back to C3, C4, and CAM plants)
C3 and C4 plants are not concerned with conserving water so they open their stomata during the daytime. Example: corn
CAM plants are concerned with conserving water and open their stomata at night. Example: cacti
Does fermentation produce ATP in our bodies? Why can our bodies only do this for a short time?
Yes! A result of fermentation in our bodies is lactic acid however and this is why our bodies can only sustain the production of ATP for a very short amount of time.
Why are there so many more organisms at the primary producers level in an ecosystem than the tertiary consumers?
There is not enough energy passed on at each level to support a large population of organisms that are higher up the food chain. Only about 10% of energy is passed on so the closer you are to getting the energy directly from the sun, the larger that population of organisms is.
How can you figure out the energy transfer efficiency to each trophic level?
This would be the percentage passed on to each level. An average passed on is 10% to each trophic level per ecosystem but this does vary slightly.
How does the loss of phytoplankton impact the amount of carbon available in atmosphere?
Phytoplankton are producers in the ocean, meaning they are photosynthetic. They remove carbon dioxide and add oxygen to the atmosphere. If the population declines then the amount of carbon dioxide builds up in the atmosphere and there is less oxygen available as well.