States of Matter
What are the three main states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What is it called when a solid turns into a liquid?
Melting
What is a physical property?
A property that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's identity.
What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change?
The temperature remains constant during a phase change.
Give an example of a phase change in everyday life.
Ice melting to water, water boiling to steam, etc.
What state of matter has a definite shape and volume?
Solid
What phase change occurs when a gas turns into a liquid?
Condensation
What is an example of a chemical property?
Reactivity with acids or bases, flammability, etc.
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of motion of particles.
How do icebergs float on water?
Icebergs float because they are less dense than liquid water.
What is the state of matter with the highest energy?
Plasma (I will also accept 'Gas' since we didn't talk about Plasma yet in class.
What is the process of a liquid changing to a gas?
Evaporation
How can you tell a physical change from a chemical change?
A physical change does not change the substance's identity; a chemical change does.
How does temperature affect the state of matter?
Increasing temperature can change a solid to a liquid (melting) or a liquid to a gas (evaporation).
What happens when you boil water?
The water turns into steam (gas) as it reaches boiling point.
Describe the particles in a solid.
Particles are closely packed together and vibrate in place.
Describe what happens during condensation.
Particles lose energy and come closer together, forming a liquid.
What is density?
Mass divided by volume (D = m/v).
Describe the relationship between temperature and particle movement.
As temperature increases, particle movement increases.
Why do we put salt on icy roads?
Salt lowers the freezing point of water, helping to melt ice.
What phase of matter is water at -10 degrees Celsius?
Solid
What is sublimation?
The process where a solid changes directly to a gas without becoming a liquid first.
What is the law of conservation of mass?
Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
What is thermal energy?
The total kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
How does evaporation cool a surface?
Evaporation removes heat from the surface, cooling it down.