VOCAB
The building blocks of matter
atoms
matter with a composition that is always the same
substance
matter with a composition that varies.
mixture
Where can electrons be found?
electron cloud
All matter can be classified as what two things?
substances & mixtures
the center of an atom that contains most of the atom's mass
nucleus
Gold, Silver, Oxygen, anything on periodic table
What are the two types of mixtures?
Homogeneous & Heterogeneous
An atom's atomic number tells what?
how many protons/ the number of protons in that atom
Soda is an example of which type of mixture?
Homogeneous
the space surrounding the nucleus where electrons can be found
electron cloud
What are the two types of substances?
elements & compounds
Homogeneous mixtures are also called what?
Solutions
Name the three particles found in an atom AND their charges.
Protons- Positive
Neutrons- Neutral/ No Charge
Electrons- Negative
Draw a Neon atom.
Nucleus should have 10 Protons & 10 Neutrons.
First energy level should have 2 electrons drawn.
Second energy level should have 8 electrons drawn.
a substance made of only one type of atom
element
H2O/ pure water is an example of what?
Compound
Granite & smoke are examples of this type of mixture.
Heterogeneous
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does Mercury (Hg) have?
Protons- 80
Neutrons- 121
Electrons- 80
The electrons closest to an atom's nucleus have less ____ than those further away.
Energy
What is a compound?
substance that contains two or more elements arranged in a specific combination/ combination of atoms that never changes
What is the smallest part of an element? (two answers)
A single atom or a molecule
What happens if I change the composition of a mixture compared to if I change the composition of a compound?
A mixture remains a mixture, a compound turns into something completely different.
Draw a Chlorine (Cl) atom.
Nucleus should have 17 Protons & 18 Neutrons.
First energy level should have 2 electrons drawn.
Second energy level should have 8 electrons drawn.
Third energy level should have 7 electrons drawn.
1. Elements can gain or lose _________ have a charge & are called ___________.
2. Elements always have the same number of ________.
3. If two of the same element have different numbers of ___________ they are called isotopes.
1. Electrons/ Ions
2. Protons
3. Neutrons