Classifying Matter
Which of the following may combine in variable proportions?
a mixture
Which of the following statements describes the most workable model of matter?
A. Physical matter can be divided into smaller portions an infinite number of times.
B. Physical matter exists in the form of particles in constant motion.
.
B. Physical matter exists in the form of particles in constant motion.
Which of the following states of matter does not experience particle motion?
A. solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
None of the above! All particles experience particle matter.
Give (2) examples of physical properties.
Texture; Color
Could also be; luster, conductivity, malleable, physical state
Give (2) examples of chemical properties.
Reactivity; Flammability
An evenly distributed chlorine-water solution is classified as a(n) __________
homogeneous mixture
Atoms consist of all the following except __________.
A. electrons
B. molecules
C. neutrons
D. protons
B. Molecules
A diamond, comprised of a repeated pattern of carbon atoms, is classified as a(n)
__________.
crystalline solid
Does the phase changes of matter fall under physical changes or chemical changes? Why?
Phase changes of matter fall under physical changes because it can be reversed and the chemical composition doesn't change.
True or False
Chemical changes alter the appearance of an item, but physical changes do not.
False; chemical change alters the substances composition all together
Two different elements that are chemically combined form a __________, while
two different elements that are only physically combined form a __________.
Compound; Mixture
Which of the following statements correctly identifies the difference between weight and mass?
A. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is a measure of gravity.
B. Weight is a physical property, while mass is a chemical property.
A. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is a measure of gravity.
Name the characteristics of solids?
Close particle spacing
fixed volume
low compressibility
Give the terms for phase changes when energy is removed from a substance.
Condensation (vapor to liquid), Freezing (liquid to solid), Deposition (vapor to solid)
True or False:
The law of conservation of matter applies to physical changes but not to chemical reactions.
False; it applies to all forms of matter
What was the most common theory that competed with the particle model?
Aristotle believed that matter was a continuum that could be cut continuously.
Is it a problem that the Greek model had to be corrected?
No. Doing science involves modeling and scientist are always working to make models more workable.
Give the terms for phase changes from solid to liquid, liquid to gas, and solid to gas.
Melting, Vaporization, and Sublimation
Burning a piece of paper is considered a _______ change
Chemical
Does the Greek description of atoms as indivisible still hold true?
No. We now know that atoms are made up of protons, electrons, and usually neutrons.
What does the understanding of models tell us about the use of scientific models and truth?
Models and the science work related operate in the area of workability. Scientist need to realize that their models are not producing truth.
Why can one substance be a gas and another substance be solid at the same temperature?
The solid force has a much greater attraction between its particles than the gas does.
DOUBLE DOUBLE!!!!
Explain Brownian motion.
Brownian motion is the constant, random motion of particles found in fluids that result from particle collision
DOUBLE DOUBLE!!!
Explain the difference between mass and weight.
Mass is the amount of matter in an object and is measured in grams. An object’s mass does not change as the object changes location. Weight is the measure of gravity acting on the matter in an object and is measured in newtons. If an object is moved to a location where the force of gravity is different from its previous location, its weight will change.