Physical/Chemical Properties
List 4 physical properties of matter.
color, texture, shape, mass, hardness, magnetism, reflectivity, thermal and electrical conductivity, solubility, melting point, boiling point, malleability, ductility, density
In a mixture of saltwater, what is the solvent and solute?
salt = solute
water = solvent
A gas is less dense than a liquid. If I opened a can of soda and left it on the counter overnight, what would you expect to happen to the carbon dioxide?
CO2 is less dense than the liquid, so it would float to the top and escape the can.
Decomposition- Physical or Chemical Change
Chemical Change
Mass cannot be created or destroyed only rearranged.
Law of Conservation of Mass
Describes the arrangement of matter in a substance.
DENSITY
List 4 chemical properties of matter.
flammability, rusting, tarnishing, toxicity, reactivity, corrosion, cooking, combustibility
A ____________ can be chemically broken down into simpler substances.
compound
Water has a density of 1.0 g/mL. Which substance will float?
a. karo syrup 1.37 g/mL
b. liquid mercury 13.6 g/cm3
c. milk 1.03 g/mL
d. ethyl alcohol .79 g/mL
d. ethyl alcohol has a lower density than water
A change in the state of matter such as boiling water - Physical or Chemical Change
Physical Change
In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants is always _________ to the mass of the products.
EQUAL
What is the density of water and how will you know if something will sink or float in water?
Density of water is 1.0 g/mL
Less than 1 = floats
Greater than 1 = sinks
List 3 properties of a metal.
shiny luster, good conductor of heat and electricity, malleability, solid
A solution is a type of mixture. In a solution, the parts are harder to separate. Which of the following is a solution? pebbles & water, mud & water, chicken noodle soup, sweet tea
SWEET TEA
You find a ring with a mass of 107 g. You fill a graduated cylinder up with 10 mL of water and put the ring in. The water rises to the 15 mL mark. What is the density of the ring?
21.4 g/mL
What happens in a chemical reaction if you increase the temperature?
The rate of the reaction will increase.
In a chemical reaction, what could explain a decrease in mass.
A gas could have been released as a product.
Describe the melting and boiling points of a substance.
Melting point - temperature at which a substance transforms from a solid to a liquid
Boiling point - temperature at which a substance transforms from a liquid to a gas
List 3 properties of a nonmetal.
dull luster, poor conductors, if solid it is brittle, low boiling point, not malleable
Give an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
trail mix, pizza, sand in water, nuts and bolts, etc.
The density of water is 1 g/mL and the density of honey is 1.42 g/mL. Make a true statement regarding whether the following will sink or float in water and honey. Dime is 8.9 g/cm3 and a ping pong ball is .08 g/cm3.
Example: The ping pong ball will float in both water and honey.
The dime will sink in both water and honey.
What could you do if you wanted to slow down a chemical reaction?
Decrease temp; Put in fridge
In a chemical reaction, what could explain an increase in mass of the product?
There could have been a reaction with gases in the air.
Name the 4 metals that are magnetic.
iron, cobalt, nickel and steel
What is ductility and is it a chemical or physical property?
The ability of metals to be stripped into wires. Physical property
Explain the difference between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
Heterogeneous means not the same throughout and homogeneous means the same throughout.
Calculate the density of brown sugar that measures 8 cm3 and has a mass of 12.9 g. Round to the nearest tenth and state the units in your answer.
1.6 g/cm3
Name 3 pieces of evidence that indicates a chemical change has occurred.
bubbling/gas release
change in temperature
unexpected change of color
energy is released
precipitate forms
50 g of sodium reacted with chloride to produce 125 g of NaCl, sodium chloride. How much chloride was used?
75 g of Chloride
Chemical or physical change - Dry ice sublimation
Physical Change - Solid to a gas