Anatomy & Physiology
What part of the brain regulates homeostasis, including temperature, hunger, and thirst?
Hypothalamus
What condition is characterized by inflammation of the plantar fascia, causing heel pain?
Plantar fasciitis
Which muscle is primarily responsible for dorsiflexion of the ankle?
Tibialis anterior
What is the correct order for the assessment process?
Observation → Palpation → Assessment → Treatment → Reassessment
What should a therapist do if a client begins to develop romantic feelings for them?
Maintain professional boundaries and refer the client if necessary
Which ion is primarily responsible for initiating muscle contraction by binding to troponin?
Calcium
What contagious fungal infection often appears as ring-shaped lesions on the skin?
Tinea corporis (ringworm)
Name the movement that decreases the angle between two bones at a joint.
Flexion
When performing passive range of motion, what does pain indicate?
An issue in the joint capsule or non-contractile tissue
Informed consent must be obtained:
Before beginning treatment and after explaining techniques and potential effects
During inspiration, which muscle contracts to expand the thoracic cavity
Diaphragm
Which autoimmune disorder results in chronic inflammation of the synovial joints, leading to joint deformity?
Rheumatoid arthritis
What term describes the type of muscle contraction where the muscle length changes while maintaining constant tension?
Isotonic contraction
A client reports numbness and tingling radiating down the arm. What structure might be compressed?
A nerve (possibly brachial plexus involvement)
What does HIPAA protect?
Client confidentiality and the privacy of health information
What type of joint is the atlantoaxial joint, allowing for head rotation?
Pivot joint
What condition is defined by damage to the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?
Multiple sclerosis
Which rotator cuff muscle assists with external rotation of the shoulder?
Infraspinatus
Which assessment technique best determines muscle length and joint flexibility?
Passive range of motion testing
A client requests a treatment outside your scope of practice. What should you do?
Decline the request and refer them to an appropriate professional
Which cranial nerve controls both taste in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and facial expression?
Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)
A client presents with yellowing of the skin and sclera due to excessive bilirubin buildup. What condition might this indicate?
Jaundice
What law states that soft tissue will adapt to the demands placed upon it, including stress and strain?
Davis’s Law
During reassessment, your client reports less pain but shows limited range of motion. What is the next step?
To focus the next session on mobility and joint movement rather than pain reduction
A client gives you an expensive gift as thanks. What is the best ethical response?
Politely decline and explain professional boundaries