Structures of Government
This type of democracy allows citizens to vote directly on laws and public policy rather than through elected representatives.
Direct Democracy
This branch has the constitutional power to declare war, though presidents have often committed troops without formal declarations.
Congress
This type of unemployment occurs when workers’ skills no longer match available jobs in the economy.
Unempolyment
This foreign policy goal focuses on protecting the country from external threats.
National Security
This type of primary allows only registered party members to vote for that party’s candidate.
Closed Primary
This clause in the Constitution establishes that federal law takes priority over state law when conflicts arise.
Supremacy Clause
This legislative tactic involves delaying a bill by speaking for an extended period of time.
Filibuster
This government action attempts to slow inflation by decreasing spending or increasing taxes.
Contractionary Fiscal Policy
This document, requiring Senate approval, is a formal agreement between nations
Treaty
This type of primary allows voters to choose which party’s primary to participate in, regardless of party registration.
Open Primary
This constitutional principle divides power among branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.
Separation of Powers
This check on judicial power allows the president to appoint federal judges, but requires approval from this body.
Senate
This economic principle suggests that higher prices generally lead to lower consumer demand.
Law of Demand
This presidential power allows military action without a formal declaration of war, though Congress controls funding.
Commander-in-chief
This constitutional amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18.
26th Amendment
This amendment reserves powers not delegated to the federal government to the states or the people.
10th Amendment
This constitutional power allows Congress to remove a sitting president from office after impeachment.
Conviction by a two-thirds vote in the Senate
This independent government body regulates monetary policy and can raise interest rates to reduce inflation.
Federal Reserve
This foreign policy strategy uses military threats or power to influence other nations.
Military Intervention
This occurs when voting district boundaries are manipulated to favor one political party.
Gerrymandering
This concept describes powers that belong to both the national and state governments, such as taxation
Concurrent Powers
This constitutional clause has expanded congressional authority by allowing Congress to make laws needed to carry out its expressed powers.
Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)
This term describes a prolonged period of economic decline marked by high unemployment and reduced GDP.
Recession
Providing aid or military support to another country is an example of this type of foreign policy tool.
Foreign Aid
This amendment established the direct election of U.S. senators by voters rather than state legislatures.
17th Amendment