Show:
Evolution
Cells
Genetics
Anatomy
Ecology
100
What is evolution?
A genetic change in a population over time
100
What is one difference between a plant and animal cell?
Plants have a cell wall and chloroplasts
100
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid - the genetic material of the cell
100
What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
To pump blood to the body and provide oxygen to cells and remove CO2 from cellular respiration
100
What is a producer?
An organism that makes its own food (autotroph), plants and are at the bottom of the food web
200
Describe two adaptations of any animals
Multiple answers - any physical trait that helps an animal survive and be more fit
200
What are the two main categories of cells and define each
Prokaryotic cells - no nucleus or membrane bound organelles, bacteria and archae only Eukaryotic cells - have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles, plant, animal and fungi cells
200
If you cross a homozygous dominant red flower (RR) with a heterozygous red flower (Rr), what will the genotypic ratio of the offspring be?
50% heterozygous Rr 50% homozygous dominant RR
200
What are three main structures of the respiratory system?
Alveoli, bronchioles, trachea, lungs
200
What is an apex predator or tertiary consumer?
A top predator in an ecosystem that consumes other predators
300
Describe an example where one animal is more fit than another. Describe fitness in your answer
Multiple answers - one animal has an adaptation that helps it survive better than another
300
Describe the function of chloroplasts and mitochondria
Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis to make food from sunlight Mitochondria perform cellular respiration and make energy (ATP) from oxygen and sugar (glucose)
300
Based on the pedigree what is the genotype of the grandfather? (see pedigree on other slide)
Must be heterozygous because the child is recessive
300
What is the function of the kidney?
Remove nitrogenous waste, or urea from the body, regulates osmotic balance through producing urine
300
Describe the role of trees in the oxygen cycle
Trees use CO2 produced by humans to make oxygen. Humans and other animals use the oxygen and create the CO2 used by plants
400
What is natural selection and give an example
Natural selection is survival of the fittest
400
What is the fluid mosaic model?
A description of the plasma membrane. Cells have proteins and lipids in the membrane that move around, being fluid. It is also made of different macromolecules, making it a mosiac
400
What is the importance of DNA replication? Include Chargaff's rules
DNA must be replicated according to Chargaff's rules - A pairs only with T and G pairs only with C. DNA needs to be replicated so that each new cell gets equal amounts of DNA
400
What is the function of the alveoli
Site of gas exchange between lungs and blood
400
Describe how humans influence the carbon cycle
Burning excess fossil fuels, increasing live stock populations, cutting down trees
500
Describe how natural selection causes evolution
Natural selection is survival of the fittest. When only one variant of a species survives, the new generations look more like that variant. Thus, the population is changing over time, which is evolution
500
Describe the structure and 2 functions of the plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with proteins and carbohydrates. Its function is to protect the cell and act as a selectively permeable barrier
500
Describe the importance of transcription and translation
Transcription is copying DNA to RNA. We need RNA to use as a blueprint for protein Translation is copying RNA to protein. Proteins are the building blocks of every living thing and are needed in all parts of the cell
500
Describe how the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system work together to provide oxygen to the body
The respiratory system takes in oxygen from the air and transfers it to the capillaries in the lungs. The capillaries carry oxygen rich blood to the heart, where it is pumped to the body
500
Describe what happens to an aquatic food chain when a top predator is removed
The secondary consumers grow out of control and consume all the primary consumers. Both populations die and the producers are free to grow