EXCITING ENZYMES
This is the substance that an enzyme acts upon
Substrate
A base has a pH between what number and 14?
7
Sugar and phosphate
This is the enzyme that adds new nucleotides to DNA
DNA Polymerase
This happens when DNA makes an identical copy of itself
DNA replication
Active site
What is the term for the temperature at which an enzyme works best?
Optimal temperature
What is it called when protein is made from the genetic code of DNA?
This is the building block of DNA - it's made of sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base
Nucleotide
What is it called when DNA is copied and it keeps one original strand of DNA and makes one new strand?
Semi-conservative replication
When enzymes and substrates fit together, it looks like what?
A lock and key.
What is it called when an enzyme changes shape and stops functioning due to extremes in temperature or pH?
Denature
This is the enzyme that unwinds and unzips DNA
Helicase
This is a thread-like structure of DNA found in the nucleus
Chromosome
This is a specific sequence of DNA that codes for a protein
Gene
What are the 3 factors that affect enzyme activity?
pH, temperature and concentration
What type of biomolecule is an enzyme?
Protein
This enzyme glues together DNA
Ligase
How many chromosomes does the typical human body cell contain?
46
What are Alleles?
Two forms of a gene
If something has a pH between 0 and 7, is it an acid or a base?
Acid
What is a substance that slows down or stops a chemical reaction?
Inhibitor
Which of the following does the base cytosine (C) pair with?
A)Thymine
B)Adenine
C)Guanine
D) Neon
C) Guanine
A human gamete cell (sperm/egg) typically contains how many chromosomes?
The shape of the DNA molecule is a double which of these?
A)Rope
B)Curve
C)Helix
D) "S"
Helix