Diseases of Chronic Inflammation
The type of fat that is energy storing
What is white?
Many bacteria are natural products due to this phenomena
What is bacterial chemical warfare?
The reason Tregs have a high affinity for IL2
What is CD25/IL2Ra
Since Listeria is this type of pathogen (list 2 adjectives), it takes advantage of the host and modifies it
What is an intracellular, obligate pathogen
The type of high throughput screen that starts against bacterial cells
What is phenotypic
Consequences of adipocyte hypertrophy
What are loss of vascularization and hypoxia?
The antibacterial effect of Penicillium was seen to create this type of zone
What is the zone of inhibition?
One of the first immunotherapies used to treat melanoma in 1992
What is recombinant IL-2?
The protein important for Listeria to spread cell to cell
What is ActA?
The type of high throughput screen that starts against purified enzyme
What is target based
The type of macrophages found within hypertrophic adipocytes
What are M1 macrophages?
This type of bacteria contains peptidoglycan and a double membrane
What is gram negative?
The most common intracellular signaling components of cytokine receptors
What are Jaks/STAT?
The reason Listeria must be able to enter a cell to initiate an immune response
What is secreted Ag/MHCI presentation
Unlike historical antibiotics, Darobactin is unique in that it was discovered through studying this organism at this stage of life
What is a nematode haemolymph
Anakirna worked better than this inhibitor
What is TNF-a inhibitor?
Enzyme responsible for need of continued directed evolution of penicillin
What is B-lactamase?
The two approaches for developing IL2 variants
What are increasing the affinity for IL2R-By and decreasing affinity for CD25 (IL2Ra)
ActA mutants are this much less virulent than Listeria with WT ActA
What is 1000-fold less virulent?
The three types of assays that can be used to find the target of Darobactin (describe one of the processes in detail)
What are Biochemistry, Computational, and Genetics
To protect against insulin resistance, this type of macrophage could be paired with that Saxton engineered cytokine
What are M2 and IL-10
Solutions for overcoming the need for new gram negative antibiotics
What are new chemical structures, understanding of basic chemistry behind gram- cell wall penetration, inhibiting efflux pumps, role of porins in drug permeation
In macrophages, IL-10 inhibits production of these cytokines (list 3)
What are TNF-a, IL6, and IL8
The protein Listeria is engineered to express to activate MAIT cells
What is riboflavin?
The reason BamA was such an exciting find as a novel antibiotic
What is located on the outer cell membrane of a gram negative bacteria