People
United States civil rights leader and political activist who campaigned for equality for Black Americans
Who is W. E. B. Du Bois?
This prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
This group was founded in Tennessee in 1866. Groups of racist men would ride around on horses at night wearing all white.
What is the K.K.K.?
Constitutional amendment that extended civil rights to freedmen and prohibited States from taking away such rights without due process.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This was a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal.
What is Plessy vs. Ferguson?
An ex-slave who founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama in 1881. He stressed patience, manual training and hard work for blacks.
Who is Booker T. Washington?
This helped fund the construction of the Union Pacific transcontinental railroad with the use of land grants and government bonds.
What is the Pacific Railroad Act?
A pro-union organization based in the North. They built churches and schools and fought to protect the black community from white retaliation.
What is the Union League?
Prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote. This did not include women's suffrage.
What is the 15th Amendment?
This was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld the power of government to regulate private industries.
What is Munn vs. Illinois?
She was an African-American journalist, abolitionist and feminist.
Who is Ida B. Wells?
This helped with the reorganization of the former Confederate states and set forth the process by which they were to be restored to representation in Congress.
What is the Reconstruction Act?
Women's organization formed to help bring about an end to the Civil War and encourage Congress to pass a constitutional amendment to prohibiting slavery.
What is the Women's loyal league?
The 1866 legislation that conferred American citizenship upon blacks and attacked the Black Codes
What is the Civil Rights Bill?
1866 - Supreme Court ruled that military trials of civilians were illegal unless the civil courts are inoperative or the region is under Marshall law.
What is Ex Parte Milligan?
Helped create the NAACP and taught at the Tuskegee Institute. He became a famous agricultural chemist.
Who is George Washington Carver?
This was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices. The Act required that railroad rates be "reasonable and just," but did not empower the government to fix specific rates.
What is the Interstate Commerce Act?
Derogatory term for pro-Union Southerners whom Southern Democrats accused of plundering the resources of the South in collusion with Republican governments after the Civil War.
What are Scalawags?
During the late 1800's an organization of farmers, called the Grange, strove to regulate railway rates and storage fees charged by railroads, warehouses, and grain elevators through state legislation. These laws that were passed, but then they eventually were reversed.
What is the Granger Laws?
1869 - Argued that Texas had never seceded because there is no provision in the Constitution for a state to secede, thus Texas should still be a state and not have to undergo reconstruction.
What is Texas vs. White?
A women who was an American poet and writer who became an activist for the improved treatment of Native Americans by the United States government.
Who is Helen Hunt Jackson?
This authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians.
What is the Dawes Severalty Act?
Pejorative used by Southern whites to describe Northern businessmen and politicians who came to the South after the Civil War to work on Reconstruction projects or invest in Southern infrastructure.
What are the Carpetbaggers?
Required 50% voters of a state to take a loyalty oath: permitted only non-Confederates to vote for a new state constitution. Lincoln refused to sign this bill.
A Missouri slave sued for his freedom, claiming that his four year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. The U.S, Supreme Court decided he couldn't sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen.
What is Dred Scott vs. Stanford?