Historical Context
This state passed a law to tax the Second Bank of the United States.
What is Maryland?
The legal doctrine directing courts to adhere to previously decided cases.
What is a stare decisis?
The Court determined that this concept supports that states cannot interfere with federal operations.
What is National Supremacy?
McCulloch argued that Congress has the power to create a national bank under this form of powers.
What are implied powers?
In 1818, Maryland passed this law, aimed at the Baltimore branch of the national bank.
What is tax?
A formal, spoken presentation made by attorneys to the Court.
What is an oral argument?
Chief Justice John Marshall argued that the Constitution grants Congress these powers necessary to carry out its enumerated duties.
What are implied powers?
McCulloch used this Constitutional clause to justify Congress' creation of the national bank.
What is the Necessary and Proper clause?
James McCulloch worked as this at the Second Bank Baltimore branch.
What is a cashier?
A written document bby a judge or court explaining the reasoning behind a legal decision.
McCulloch v. Maryland established this for future cases that interpret federal vs. state authority.
What is a stare decisis?
McCulloch argued that the Constitution and federal laws have this over state laws.
What is federal supremacy?
Congress established this institution after the U.S. faced significant debt and unstable currency.
What is the Second Bank of the United States?
This Constitutional clause established that federal law takes precedence over state laws.
What is the Supremacy Clause?
Chief Justice Marshall stated that this power involves the "power to destroy"
Maryland used this amendment to argue that the bank was an unconstitutional expansion.
What is the 10th Amendment?
The lower court decision upheld the tax and ruled that the bank was ______.
What is unconstitutional?
A formal order issued by a higher court directing a lower court to send the record of a case for review.
What is a writ of certiorari?
McCulloch v. Maryland limited this power, where states lost the ability to interfere, regulate, or tax legitimate federal institutions.
What are state powers?
The Chief Justice who delivered the final opinion and ruling of McCulloch v. Maryland.
Who is John Marshall?