Courts and Judges
You must seek this to commence certain types of proceedings before the court.
What is leave of the court?
This is a request to a higher court to review the decision of a lower court.
What is an appeal?
This Latin word is used to direct a reader to the immediately preceding citation.
What is Ibid (McGill Section E – 1.4.2)?
The first person of colour nominated to sit on the Supreme Court of Canada
Who is justice Justice Mahmud Jamal?
Civil suits generally require this standard of proof.
What is the balance of probabilities?
Include this when citing jurisprudence that is missing a neutral citation.
What is the CanLii citation and if no CanLii citation then a parallel citation (McGill Section E – 3.1)
This Supreme Court Judge graduated from the University of Ottawa Faculty of Law in 1979.
Who is the honourable Chief Justice Richard Wagner?
Lawyers use this standardized piece of writing to put forth their arguments for a case or motion before a judge.
What is a factum?
Official electronic versions of federal statutes can be found on this website.
What is Justice Laws Website (McGill Section E – 2.1.3)
This was the youngest judge to ever sit on a Canadian Court.
Who is Justice Rosalie Abella?
This part of a judicial opinion is non-binding and does not establish precedent, but may still nonetheless be persuasive.
What is obiter dicta?
With some exceptions, this should be included at the end of a citation if it is referenced again later in the text.
What is short form (McGill Section E – 1.4.1)
This Act sets out the structure of the Ontario Court of Justice
What is the Courts of Justice Act?
This open-access legal database consists of over 2.4 million documents, with approximately 120,000 additional cases being added each year.
What is CanLII?
When citing a secondary source with more than three authors, include this after the first author’s name.
What is et al (McGill Section E – 6.2.2.2)