Famous Women
A physicist and chemist, she was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and the only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields. She worked on radioactivity (1867-1934).
Who is Marie Curie
A phenomenon in special relativity in which moving clocks appear to tick more slowly than stationary ones.
What is time dilation
“for every action (force), there is an equal and opposite reaction,” is from what law?
What is Newton's 3rd Law
The principle that a qubit can be in some combination of ground/excited state. Hint, can also be the description of a wavefunction that has not been forced into one particular measurement basis.
What is a superposition
This law relates voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit by the equation V = IR.
What is Ohm’s Law
A NASA mathematician whose complex calculations on orbital mechanics led to the success of the first US crewed space flights in the early 1960s as well as the 1969 moon landing.
Who is Katherine Johnson
The point of infinite density at the center of a black hole, where the laws of physics as we know them break down.
What is a singularity
What is the unit of a Newton (SI form)?
What is (kg·m/s²)
This principle arises from the non-commutativity of position and momentum operators, resulting in the inability to measure the position AND momentum of a quantum particle without some uncertainty.
What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
A structural framework made of straight members arranged in triangular shapes to provide stability and efficiently distribute forces, commonly seen in bridges.
What is Truss
An American astronaut and physicist. She joined NASA in 1978, and in 1983 became the first American woman and the third woman to fly in space.
Who is Sally Ride
Let's say you want to run a red light but tell the police that it was actually green when you saw it. To achieve this you travel almost at the speed of light. What kind of ______ shift is this?
What is blueshift
When applying Newton’s 2nd law to a system with many objects, assuming no thermal dissipation, you can solve the system as if it were actually just one object located at this point.
What is the Center of Mass
What are eigenvalues in Schrödinger's [solved] wave equation? Hint, the time-independent reduced Schrödinger's equation is H|ψ⟩ = E|ψ⟩.
What are possible energies
This fundamental principle of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system can only increase or remain constant over time.
What is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
This theorem establishes a fundamental connection between symmetries in nature and conservation laws and was discovered by German mathematician Emmy [redacted last name that is name of theorem] in 1918. (ex. conservation of energy is related to the symmetry of time-translation invariance)
What is Noether's theorem
The theoretical process by which a black hole slowly loses mass and energy through the emission of particles, eventually leading to its "evaporation".
What is Hawking radiation
What kind of drag do you apply to larger, faster-moving objects in less viscous fluids (like a ball falling through air)?
What is quadratic drag
This operator, a key component of the Schrödinger Equation notated as T̂, expressed as
-(ħ²/2m) * d²/dx² (in 1D) or -(ħ²/2m)∇² (or its 3D equivalent),
where ħ is the reduced Planck constant, m is the mass of the particle, d²/dx² is the second derivative with respect to position, and ∇² is the Laplacian operator, is known as what.
What is the Kinetic Energy Operator
This idealized thermodynamic cycle describes the most efficient possible heat engine, consisting of two isothermal and two adiabatic processes.
What is the Carnot cycle
Chinese-American particle and experimental physicist who made significant contributions in the fields of nuclear and particle physics. She worked on the Manhattan Project, where she helped develop the process for separating uranium into uranium-235 and uranium-238 isotopes by gaseous diffusion
Who is Chien-Shiung Wu
Einstein's general relativity equation, also known as the Einstein field equation, is represented as: Gμν = (8πG/c⁴)Tμν; where G is the gravitational constant, c is the speed of light, and Tμν is the stress-energy tensor representing the distribution of matter and energy. What is Gμν in this equation (hint, it is a tensor!)
What is the Einstein tensor (representing the curvature of spacetime!)
Describes a system's motion as the path that minimizes a quantity called "action" (Newton did not discover this!)
What are Lagrangian mechanics
The highest energy level occupied by electrons in a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature (0 Kelvin)
What is Fermi Energy
A measure of a material's stiffness, defined as the ratio of stress to strain in the linear elastic region of a material's deformation.
What is the Young’s Modulus