Introductions
In the introduction, only keep sentences which are:
1) Relevant
2) Unnecessary
What is relevant?
The conclusion has to ____ the entire passage as a whole:
1) Restate
2) Support
3) Reinforce
4) All of the above
What is all of the above?
The speaker should always maintain a ______ tone to the topics in an informative passage.
1) Optimistic
2) Persuasive
3) Neutral
What is neutral?
The author should use this appeal when trying to persuade the audience through emotion.
What is pathos?
The very first sentences of the passage must properly introduce the:
1) Evidence of the passage
2) Topic of the passage
3) Author of the passage
What is the topic of the passage?
A good conclusion should not:
1) Reinforce passage contents
2) Disrupt flow and unity
What is disrupt flow and unity?
The author should never:
1) Consider what side the audience would take on the topic.
2) Include words or phrases that may be offensive to the audience
3) Keep a neutral tone throughout their passage
What is include words or phrases that may be offensive to the audience?
The author should use this appeal if they want to persuade their audience using facts and solid reasoning.
What is logos?
The introduction of the passage should not:
1) Align with the audience's interests
2) Be purposeful and engaging
3) Disrupt the audience's engagement
What is disrupt the audience's engagement?
Each sentence in the conclusion has to be tied together to:
1) Hook the audience's attention
2) Provide evidence for the main claim
3) Create a sense of finalization
What is create a sense of finalization?
In the passage, the author must remove adjectives with strong negative or positive connotations and opinionated evidence. This makes sure their passage remains ___.
What is unbiased?
If a passage describing the effects of a new medicine for the flu includes a quote by a medical professional from Mayo Clinic, what appeals is the author using?
What is ethos?
The introduction has to properly orient the audience by including:
1) Frivolous information
2) Contextual Information
3) SPACE (rhetorical situation)
What is contextual information?
The following is a conclusion from an essay about the positive aspects of social media. Which sentence should be removed from this paragraph?
(1) Ultimately, social media has reshaped communication by expanding access to information and connection. (2) In many ways, these platforms can also affect our mental health, as discussed by many well known health professionals. (3) In all, the influence of social media on modern society can be understood as largely positive.
What is sentence 2?
The following is an introduction from an essay about the negative effects of social media. What error does the writer make in this statement?
Social media is widely used by people around the world, yet despite its sparse benefits, it is clearly ruining society.
What is unintentional bias?
If a passage talking about the effects of the Enlightenment on Europe describes specific historical events that prove its significance, what appeal is the author using?
What is logos?
The following is an introduction from an essay about the positive aspects of social media. Which sentence can be removed from this paragraph?
(1) In recent years, social media has become an influential force in modern communication. (2) By allowing individuals to share information rapidly across geographic boundaries, these platforms have reshaped how people interact with one another. (3) This development is very significant. (4) As a result, social media has played a largely positive role in society.
What is sentence 3?
The following is part of an essay about the positive aspects of social media. What is wrong with this conclusion?
(1) Social media has undeniably altered the way individuals communicate and engage with the world around them. (2) Despite these changes, the long-term consequences of social media remain uncertain and may outweigh its immediate advantages. (3) Therefore, it is necessary to reconsider whether social media’s role in society should continue to expand.
What is it does not support the passage's main argument?
The following is an excerpt from an essay about the negative effects of social media. What error does the author make in this excerpt?
(1) Many social media users insist that these platforms are essential for maintaining relationships. (2) However, this belief often reflects a reluctance to invest effort in more meaningful, face-to-face interactions. (3) Rather than strengthening connection, heavy reliance on social media just shows an unwillingness to engage in deeper forms of communication.
What is misalignment with the audience?
A passage is describing how animal shelters are not taking good enough care for their animals. It includes a paragraph on how the unhygienic conditions of the enclosures can lead to health issues in the animals, and includes an emotional story about a sick puppy.
What rhetorical appeal is the passage not including?
What is ethos?