Foundations of Resident Care
What are the two different methods of communication?
Verbal and nonverbal.
What is the nursing assistant's role? Provide examples.
Assisting with ADLs:
Bathing
Assisting with elimination needs
Assisting with ROM
Transferring from bed to wheelchair or vice versa
Measuring VS
Assisting with meals
Helping dress/undress
Providing back rubs
Helping with oral care
Changing beds
CVA's may cause patients to experience paralysis of one side of the body, which is also known as:
Hemiplegia
True or False: It is okay to pull patients across sheets in order to transfer or reposition?
False:
Ok to use a draw sheet, but not to pull the resident across an entire sheet because it leads to shearing.
True or False: A clear liquid and full liquid diet is exactly the same?
Clear liquid allows for only clear fluids sucks as clear juices, broth, gelatin, and popsicles. A full liquid diet involves a clear liquid with the addition of milk, icecream, cream soups.
True or False? Appropriate body mechanics includes:
Standing with the feet at shoulder-width length
Using both arms and hands to push, lift, or carry
Using strong large muscles in thighs, upper arms, and shoulders to lift objects
Holding objects away from you when carrying or lifting
Avoiding bending, reaching, or twisting
Obtaining help from coworkers when possibleFALSE.
Hold objects CLOSE to you when lifting or carrying.
What is the law the protects/maintains patient information confidential?
HIPAA
What is the anatomical term for the following:
A. Toward the head
B. Closer to the toral
A. Superior
B. Proximal
If a male patient is in PRONE position, which areas are at risk for pressure injuries? (TRIPLE POINTS IF YOU GET THEM ALL) (Hint: There's 6 ;) THINK)
Cheeks
Collarbone
Abdomen
Genitals
Knees
Toes
Which type of patients may be placed in a low sodium diet?
HTN
Cardiac disease
Kidney disease
What does RACE & PASS stand for? What is each acronym used for?
PASS is used to help one understand how to use a fire extinguisher:
Pull the pin.
Aim at the base of fire.
Squeeze the handle.
Sweep back and forth at the base of the fire.
RACE is used in order for one to know what exactly to do in case of a fire.
Remove/Rescue anyone in danger.
Activate the alarm or call 911.
Contain the fire if possible by closing doors and windows.
Extinguish the fire/Evacuate the area if instructed to do so.
Place the following times in military time:
A. 2:02 PM
B. 3:34 AM
C. 12:00 AM
D. 11:39 PM
A. 1402
B.0334
C. 0000
D. 2239
Which of the following is NOT an expected physical change for an elderly patient?
A.Urinary retention
B. Increased digestion
C. Decreased skin moisture
D. Decrease sense of smell
B. Increased digestion
What is an embolism? Give an example. What can be placed in order to prevent an embolism from occuring?
An embolism is the obstruction of a blood vessel.
Air, blood clot, fat
Elastic stockings (anti-emboli stockings) or SCDs
Dehydration
Is the following subjective or objective information?Would you report any of the following vital signs?
Patient sitting quietly on wheelchair beside bed.
BP: 108/79 mmHg
P: 82 bpm
T: 98.2 F
R: 14 breaths/min
O2: 99% on RA
Pain: 3/10
True or False?
Neglect occurs when a person is emotionally harmed by threatening, scaring, humiliating, intimidating, isolating, or insulting a person.
False. That is psychological abuse.
A patient is 1 week post-cardiac transplant. Per physician's orders, VS are to be taken q4h. The past following signs include the following
0800: BP: 126/82, P: 68, R: 18, T: 98.6F, O2: 100
1200: BP: 120/79, P: 78, R: 16, T: 98.8F, O2: 100
You take the patient's VS now and obtain the following measurements:
1600: BP: 118/78, P: 92, R: 19, T: 99.2F, O2: 100
What do you do after you obtain the patient's vital signs? Why?
Report to the nurse.
True or False? Aspiration can only occur in patients who are unconcious or experiencing dysphagia.
Name at least 5 ways to manage stress efficiently and in a healthy manner
Eating nutritious foods
Getting enough sleep
Avoiding drinking excessively
No smoking
Exercising regularly
Doing something relaxing such as being in nature, listening to music, getting a massage, doing yoga, meditating, etc.
Three in one - Get triple the points, if you get EVERYTHING right.
Describe the order of the chain of infection.
What's the correct order to donn PPE and correct order to doff PPE?
Chain of infection:
1. Causative
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of Exit
4. Mode of Transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible Host
Donning:
1. Gown
2. Mask
3. Goggles/Face shield
4. Gloves
Doffing:
1. Gloves
2. Goggles/Face shield
3. Gown
4. Mask
If you walk into a patient room and see the patient on the floor, what would you write on the incident report?
Write what you witness, the time you witnessed it, and the condition of the patient, & how the patient reacted.
No opinions.
Do NOT document that an incident report was completed on the patient's medical record.
The nursing assistant is taking care of a patient who has a TBI. Which symptoms would the NA NOT expect the patient to have?
A. Unequal pupils
B. Shortness of breath
C. Persistent vomitting
D. Restlessness or irritability
B. Shortness of breath
What is the difference between a straight catheter and an indwelling catheter? What are important guidelines to know when caring for catheter and catheter bag? (Double points)
Straight catheter: Inserted ONLY to drain urine from bladder, then immediately removed.
Indwelling catheter: Catheter is inserted and stays within patient for a period of time while constantly draining into a foley bag.
Guidelines necessary for any type of indwelling catheter: Keep genital area as clean as possible to avoid bacteria from entering the bladder. Make sure the drainage bag is always below the hips or bladder. The foley bag should never be on the floor. The tubing of the catheter should not be kinked in any way. The bag should never be hanging freely and should be attached to either a specific-immobile part of the bed or attached securely to the patient's thigh without consistent tugging at catheter.
How many degrees should the HOB be elevated for a patient who has a g-tube? For a patient who is actively receiving feedings?
ALWAYS elevated at 30 degress. If feeding lowest it can be at is 45 degrees (up to half an hour after feeding completed).