Vocabulary
The ability to cause change or do work.
What is energy?
the type of potential energy an object has due to it's height above the ground
What is gravitational potential energy?
If there are two objects with the same mass, then the one that is _________________ will have more kinetic energy.
Moving Faster
An object has 5100 J of mechanical energy and 3510 J of kinetic energy, how much potential energy does it have?
1590 J
State the law of conservation of energy.
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only be transformed into other forms of energy.
Stored energy due to position
Gravitational potential energy
the type of potential energy found in springs and stretched rubberbands
What is elastic potential energy?
If two objects are moving at the same speed, then the one with __________ will have more kinetic energy.
more mass
Fill in the blank: _____________ energy can be all potential, all kinetic or some of both.
Mechanical energy
A system where matter and energy never leave.
closed
The energy an object has due to motion
What is kinetic energy?
mass/ height
Fill in the blank: Kinetic energy depends on the ______________ and _______________ of the object.
Mass and velocity
As an object slides down a ramp, it loses ________________ energy and that energy becomes __________ energy.
(gravitational) potential
kinetic
A system where matter and energy can come in or out.
open
The total kinetic and potential energy an object has is called ________
Mechanical energy
Two apples are hanging from a tree. How can you tell which one has more potential energy?
The apple that's higher up or the one with more mass will have more potential energy.
If the mass of an object is increased by a factor of 3, kinetic energy increases by a factor of ______________.
3
Total amount of energy in a system never ______________.
changes
An example of an open system:
An example of a closed system:
open: bicycle braking
closed: water cycle
The SI unit of energy.
Joule
Your pencil and a math book are both on the table. Which has more potential energy? Explain.
The notebook because it has more mass than the pencil.
Where on a roller coaster track will the cart have the greatest amount of kinetic energy?
At the lowest point.
If a ball rolling down a ramp has 11.7 J of total mechanical energy and at the middle of the ramp has 6 J of kinetic energy, how much gravitational potential energy does it have at the middle of the ramp?
5.7 J
Many times, energy is transferred into _________________ energy.
thermal