Natural Selection
who came up with the idea of natural selection
Darwin
what is spontaneous generation
life arises from non life
List 3 other mechanisms of evolution
genetic drift (bottleneck and founder effect)
gene flow
mutations
non random mating
define speciation
one species diverges into 2 new species
how many mass extinctions have occurred according to evolution
5
define natural selection
nature selecting for the best fit individuals to survive and reproduce, thus passing along their traits to the next generation.
when were land animals created
day 6
what is sexual selection
females pick a male mate based on external qualities
what is allopatric speciation
when a barrier separates a population into 2 groups, the 2 groups adapt differently and eventually they cannot reproduce with each other. therefore they are now different species
what era are we currently in
cenozoic
what are the 4 principles of natural selection
variation
heritability
overproduction
reproductive advantage
who used swan neck flasks to disprove the idea of spontaneous generation
Pastuer
list 3 prezygotic barriers
temporal isolation
behavioral isolation
habitat
gametic
mechanical
define adaptive radiation
when speciation occurs very rapidly
ex: cambrian explosion
what era did the cambrian explosion occur
paleozoic
what is "fitness"
ability to survive and reproduce
when was earth and water separated
day 2
what is meant by hybrid infertility
hybrids can be formed, but they cannot mate and produce offspring with other hybrids
hummingbird and the flower that it feeds off of.
flower evolved longer petals. hummingbirds with the longer beaks were able to feed (those with short beaks couldn't) short beaks died, long beaks survived, now all hummingbirds have long beaks
what era did the dinosaurs dominate
mesozoic
why is understanding natural selection key to understanding evolution
natural selection is one mechanism by how evolution occurs
describe the results of miller urey experiment
made amino acids
describe founder effect
the only traits present in the new area are traits that those who moved took with them
what is the difference in gradual and punctuated equilbria
gradualism- small gradual steps in evolution, can see the changes in the fossil record
punctuated- abrupt transitions in the fossil record
what is the name of the extinction event that killed the dinosaurs
KT boundary