Eyes
Treatment for angle closure glaucoma?
Hint - Occular emergency!
1. Miotics and hyperosmotic agents.
2. Laser peripheral or surgical iridotomy.
Chemical exposed in your eyes, what's your next step?
Begin Ocular Irrigation
Nurition therapy for ESRD
1. Avoid salt subs.
2. Limit phosphorus and fluid intake.
3. Inc. Ca and VitD.
Potassium, B.S., NA and B.P.
⬇Potassium
⬆B.S.
⬆NA
⬆B.P.
Pre renal kidney injury
Hint: Before renal problems
1. Hypovolemia: Burns, Diuresis, Dehydration, Dec. cardiac output.
Angle closure glaucoma symptoms?
Hint: Reduced outflow cause Intraocular pressure.
1. Severe, sudden pain around eyes.
2. Sudden attacks of increased pressure causing blurred vision.
3. N/V, HA
4. Colored halos around lights, blurred vision, ocular redness.
Post OP cataract surgery Nursing Interventions?
Hint: What to avoid? What position? How to protect eyes? How much weight can they lift? Report what?
1. Avoid sneezing, coughing, forceful nose blowing and straining with bowel movements.
2. Side lying facing affected side, or supine. AVOID PRONE position.
3. Sunglasses, eye shield and follow up for visual acuity.
4. 10 lbs
5. Report green/yellow discharge.
Peritonitis symptoms
Hint: at the site and GI
Abdominal pain, Cloudy effluent inc. WBC's.
GI: D/V, distention and bowel sounds
Chronic kidney failure? Answer if ⬆️ or ⬇️
1. Iron, CA and GFR
2. Phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, creatinine
1.⬇Iron, CA and GFR
2.⬆Phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, creatinine
What meds can cause direct damage to kidney?
Hint: Helps fight bacteria
Antibiotics like Vancomycin and Gentamicin
Open angle glaucoma symptoms?
Hint: Slow, progressive condition causing intraocular pressure.
1. Mild pain (sometimes no pain, asymptomatic.)
2. Headache
3. Tunnel vision (late onset)
4. Peripheral vision loss
Meniere's disease treatment?
Hint: Vertigo
Environment? Avoid what? What to do during vertigo?
Meds?
1. Dark quiet room, fall precautions.
2. Avoid sudden movements. Avoid fluorescent, flickering lights.
3. Close your eyes during vertigo
4 Emesis basin - Ondansetron IV push.
Drug therapy for Hypocalcemia in Chronic Renal Failure?
Cholecalciferol
Oliguria Urine output, how long does it last?
Diuresis Urine output, how long does it last?
Recovery, how long does it last?
Oliguria < 400ml - 10 to 14 days
Diuresis 1L-3l or upto 5L - 1 to 3 weeks
Recovery upto 12 months
Post renal injuries
Hint: Obstruction of urine flow. Name some causes?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Prostate cancer, Renal calculi, Trauma and Extrarenal tumors.
Open angle glaucoma patient education?
Hint: head of the bed? How to protect eyes?
1. Sleep with HOB 20 degrees.
2. Wear sunglasses when outside.
Communication with hard hearing?
Do vs Don't
1. Speak normally and slowly directly into better ear. Simple language. Use therapeutic touch.
2. No shouting. No unusual facial expression. Avoid difficult words. Avoid destruction. Avoid light behind the ears.
Chronic renal failure manifestation?
1. Decreased excretion
2. Breakdown of cellular protein.
3. Bleeding
4. Metabolic acidosis, ⬆️ K+
Addison disease - Name 3 missing corticosteroid
Hint: Patho of the disease.
Loss of:
Glucocorticoid
Mineralocorticoid
Adrogens hormones
Rapid acting insulin = onset, peak and duration?
Onset 10-30 min
Peak 30-3 hrs
Duration 3-5 hrs
Macular degeneration s/s? Name all 4.
Hint: central vision loss due to age and UV lights
1. Acute vision loss
2. Blurred or darkened vision
3. Scotoma (blind spots)
4. Metamorphopsia (visual distortion)
Antibiotic education for otitis media?
Continue full course of prescribed antibiotics even once symptoms have resolved.
Treatment for hyperkalemia for Chronic renal failure
Include: Diet 🥔, Acute and other meds.
Dialysis is most effective! 😌
1. Avoid high potassium food and drugs.
2. Acute: Glucose and Insulin IV, 10% calcium gluconate.
3. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate and Patiromer (binds in GI)
Diabetes Insipidious: flushing out - Urine
Serum osmolality
Sodium
Urine osmolality
Serum osmolality ⬆
Sodium ⬆
Urine osmolality ⬇
DKA blood sugar levels?
more than 250 or equal to 250mg/dl.