Media theories
Name two pluralist thinkers
Robert Dahl and John Whale
What was the first recorded example of the Hypodermic Syringe Model in effect?
The War of the Worlds broadcast
What are the two sides to the growth of new and digital platforms
Digital optimism and digital pessimism
What are the four media representations we study in the textbook
Class, gender, ethnicity, age
What are the names of two media freedom reports?
reporters sans frontiers/ reporters without borders and Freedom of the press report
What do the Marxists believe is the role of the media?
The role of the media is to transmit ruling class ideology in order to leave the working class in false class consciousness
Name two of the four basic needs in the Uses and Gratification model
[bonus points for naming all]
Diversion, personal relationships, surveillance and personal identity
What are the four characteristics of the new media
Interactivity, convergence, compression and digitalisation
What does Margorie fergusons content analysis show
It shows that women were organised around a cult of feminity, where the ideal was focusing narrowly on him, home and looking good
What are the four types of regimes the Democracy Index finds?
Full democracies. Flawed democracies, Hybrid regimes and authoritarian regimes
What does foucault say about the media?
Rejects most marxist notions
All knowledge is bound up with power and the two together produced discourses, which are ways of talking and writing of the world but also at the same time ways of understanding the world
Identify and describe briefly are the three types of readings that the reception analysis model details
Preferred reading- viewer shares the programme code
Negotiated reading - viewer partly shares the programme code
Oppositional reading - Viewer does not share the programmes code and rejects the preferred reading
What does Andrew Keen say? (two of the four points he details)
1. New media has become a shrine of self broadcasting
2. Creating cut and paste burglers
3. Undermines the expertise of professional journalism
4. Lead to a decline in cultural literacy
- mike wayne and the negative portrayal of youth
- UK national children's berau conforming this
- Age concern UK and the representation of older people
- Idris and Riley cross cultural studies
- Monica Lee et all study of 'golden agers'
What are the four global trends in media organisations?
Capitalist globalisation, neoliberalism, deregulation, digitalisation
Describe the propaganda model, in excruciating detail
- identifies five filters through which money and power are able to filter out the news fit to print, marginalise dissent and allowdominant groups to get their message across through
the size, concentration, profit orientation and owner wealth; advertising as income; reliance on the govt for information; "flak" to discipline media and anti-communism as a national religion
What's the difference between cyber-dependent crimes and cyber-enabled crimes?
Cyber dependent crimes are crimes committed using IT devices where the device is the tool for committing the crime and being the target of crime
Cyber-enabled crimes are traditional crimes which can be increased in scale or reach by the use of IT devices
What does Henry jenkins say about digital optimism?
Interactvity and convergence have lead to participatory cultures- media producers and consumers no longer occupy separate roles and detailed of a collective intelligence, because consuming new media tends to be a collective process
What three charactersitics of media portrayal of African American people, does Tony Agbetu portray?
Involved in criminality, involved in sports or involved in entertainment
What three types of censorship does Joel Simon detail
Repression 2.0, Masked political control and Technology capture
Name five of eight criteria that make a piece of news, newsworthy (news values)
[Bonus points for naming all eight]
Extraordinariness, threshold, unambiguity, reference to elite persons, reference to elite nations, personalisation, frequency and negativity
Describe deviancy amplification [excrutiating detail]
The news media report on a particular activity with sensationalism; moral entrepreneurs like politicians make statements condemning the group; the media oversimplifies the reasons why this group has appeared; the authorities stamp down on the group; the reporting of incidents by the general public increases; the media reports the arrests and convictions and the group reacts to the moral panic in an even more deviant manner
Give on argument for digital optimism and one for digital pessismism. Support your answers with sociological material
[upto ms Geetika's judgement]
What does Jock Young say about representations of class?
British culture is a monetary culture characterised by a 'chaos of rewards' - media also encourages conspicuous consumption which is underpinned by materialism
Who are the four audiences Orttung and Walker identify for authoritarian-controlled media. Describe them as well
1. Regime elites: govts need to reassure elite groups that they're in control
2. the general population: use the mass media to make them fear and respect the regime
3. Political oppositions: use the media to discredit them
4. Regular internet users: use the mass media to control politically sensitive online content