Manipulation
News Values
Fact, Opinion, or Bias?
Stereotypes & Prejudices
Misc Vocab
200
Siblings are playing football in the living room 😳. A painting (a family heirloom) falls from the wall and the glass shatters. Upon hearing the crash, their mother enters the room, and the dog is blamed.
What is scapegoating?
200
This news value refers to stories that are easy to explain, such as large lottery wins, celebrity deaths, or even why puddles appear soapy after rain. They are sometimes preferred to those which are more complex, such as politics, war, or economic events.
What is simplicity?
200
The Tigris and Euphrates rivers originate in Turkey and flow southeast through Syria and Iraq before draining into the Persian Gulf.
What is a fact?
200
True or False
Factual or not, the more we are exposed to content, the less likely we are to believe it.
What is false?
Factual or not, the more we are explosed to content the more likely we are to believe it.
200
A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
What is a democracy?
400
After 9/11, President Bush made the comment, "If you are not with us, you're against us."
What is a false dichotomy?
400
This value is represented in news stories that have a local relevance or connection. People are more likely to identify with the people, place, and content.
What is meaningfulness?
400
Sara's family is from Afghanistan. She grew up eating homemade naan with Kabuli Pulao (rice with lamb, carrots, and raisins), and enjoys spices like coriander, cumin, and safron that her mother prepares at their home in Kabul. Now she lives in Boston, and when she goes out for Afghani cuisine, she thinks it is not authentic.
What is bias?
400
What bias is presented in this ad?
What is that consumers should listen because doctors promote Camel cigarettes?
400
An environment where someone only encounters information and opinions similar to their own.
What is an echo chamber?
600
In 2008, a student edited the Wikipedia entry for the coati, a raccoon-like mammal native to Brazil, to include the unofficial nickname "Brazilian aardvark". Journalists and other publications, citing Wikipedia, began including the fake name in their own articles, adding to its apparent legitimacy. Wikipedia editors then cited these published reports as reliable sources to justify keeping the false information on the coati's page. The New Yorker exposed the hoax in 2014, after which the nickname was removed from the Wikipedia article.
What is circular reporting?
600
This news value refers to a story that is unexpected or unusual than news that is typically reported, like an alien sighting.
What is unexpectedness?
600
John has never visited the middle east, but he has been researching his Cornerstone country of Saudi Arabia. He chose the country because he knows that it has been in the news because it is oil rich and wealthy, and also a hot spot of conflict with the United States historically. He has read a few articles that indicate that women were only recently given the right to get a driver's license and that in some areas women require a male guardian in order to leave their homes. He has determined that Middle Eastern women are oppressed and uneducated.
What is bias?
600
This term is given to a situation in which an individual feels they are at risk of conforming to a negative stereotype about a group to which they belong.
(Example: Will is picking his clothes out for school. He has a clean, pink shirt ready for the day, but he decides to wear a navy one because boys shouldn't wear pink. It's a "girl's color".)
What is stereotype threat?
600
Information that is based on the truth, although it may be exaggerated or presented out of context, that is shared with an intent to attack an idea, individual, organization or country, etc.
What is malinformation?
800
During a presidential debate a candidate who has been particularly vocal in support gun ownership is asked about recent violence in our country. She responds by calling her opponent "weak" and "an ignorant supporter of illegal immigration" with "no track record of supporting the citizens of our country".
What is an ad hominem attack?
800
This news value is reflected in a "bad news story", such as those that involve death, violence, or extreme events. These stories are more likely to make headlines.
What is negativity?
800
The Tigris and Euphrates rivers are probably the most polluted rivers in the world, loaded with sewage, medical waste, and industrial chemicals. Anyone swimming in them is pretty igorant and likely to get cholera.
What is an opinion?
800
In the following image, what is being stereotyped in the media:
What is it that women do the cleaning?
800
A set of rules and calculations made by computers that decides what content users see on social media. It helps filter through large amounts of information and means no two people see the same content.
What is an algorithm?
1000
Headline: "Heartwarming story of perseverance and triumph moved the entire audience to tears"
What is emotive language?
1000
This news value is reflected in events that will have an ongoing impact, like sports tournaments, elections, or wars.
What is continuity?
(Remember if something is continuous, it goes on and on.)
1000
The Arabian Desert covers almost the entire Arabian Peninsula and is the largest desert area in Asia, covering about 900,000 square miles.
What is a fact?
1000
True or False?
Humans have a built in negativity bias that allows us to remember negative information for longer.
What is true?
1000
A situation in which people or opinions are divided into opposing groups
What is polarization?