GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
What is the first step on any scene?
Ensure scene safety
What is the head-tilt, chin-lift used for?
Opening the airway in patients without suspected spinal injuries.
What is the compression rate for adults?
100–120 compressions per minute.
What is the first priority in bleeding control?
Direct pressure.
What is the purpose of a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?
An SDS provides information about chemical hazards
What does the abbreviation ABC stand for during a patient assessment?
Airway, Breathing, and Circulation.
What is the primary role of an EMR?
To provide immediate lifesaving care until higher-level providers arrive.
What device delivers high-flow oxygen?
Non-rebreather mask.
What is CPR?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
When is a tourniquet used?
Severe, life-threatening extremity bleeding
Why is it important to account for all personnel at the assembly area during an emergency evacuation?
To ensure everyone has safely exited the danger zone
What are the four primary vital signs assessed during an initial patient evaluation?
What is the normal adult heart rate?.
60–100 beats per minute.
What is normal adult respiratory rate?
12–20 breaths per minute.
What depth should compressions be?
At least 2 inches (5 cm)
What is a fracture?
A broken bone
This should be established to prevent unauthorized personnel from entering the emergency area.
What is a safety perimeter (hot zone/exclusion zone)
When checking circulation during a primary assessment, which pulse should be checked on an unresponsive adult?
The carotid pulse.
What is PPE?
Personal Protective Equipment.
What is cyanosis?
Bluish discoloration due to lack of oxygen.
What does AED stand for?
Automated External Defibrillator
What is immobilization?
Preventing movement of an injured area.
This system helps organize emergency responders and establish command.
What is the Incident Command System (ICS)
What does the acronym AVPU stand for when assessing a patient's level of consciousness?
What does EMS stand for?
Emergency Medical Services.
When do you use a jaw thrust maneuver?
When spinal injury is suspected.
What is shock?
Inadequate blood flow to tissues
Name four places a pulse can be checked on the human body?
Radial Pulse, Carotid Pulse, Brachial Pulse, Femoral Pulse.
What is spinal immobilization used for?
Suspected spinal injuries.
If a scene becomes unsafe while treating a patient, responders should do this immediately.
What is retreat to a safe location and reassess the situation
What is the purpose of the primary assessment?
To identify and treat immediate life-threatening conditions involving the airway, breathing, circulation, severe bleeding, and level of consciousness.